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26 Oct 2022, 01:30
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
36% (01:32) correct
64%
(01:29)
wrong
based on 355
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Research indicates that 90 percent of extreme insomniacs consume large amount of coffee. Since Tom drinks a lot of coffee, it is quite likely that he is an extreme insomniac.
Which one of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the argument’s reasoning?
(A) It fails to acknowledge the possibility that Tom is among the 10 percent of people who drink large amounts of coffee who are not extreme insomniacs.
(B) It fails to consider the possible contribution to extreme insomnia of other causes of insomnia besides coffee.
(C) It relies on evidence that does not indicate the frequency of extreme insomnia among people who drink large amounts of coffee.
(D) It draws an inference about one specific individual from evidence that describes only the characteristics of a class of individuals
(E) It presumes without warrant that drinking coffee always causes insomnia.
Which one of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the argument’s reasoning?
(A) It fails to acknowledge the possibility that Tom is among the 10 percent of people who drink large amounts of coffee who are not extreme insomniacs.
(B) It fails to consider the possible contribution to extreme insomnia of other causes of insomnia besides coffee.
(C) It relies on evidence that does not indicate the frequency of extreme insomnia among people who drink large amounts of coffee.
(D) It draws an inference about one specific individual from evidence that describes only the characteristics of a class of individuals
(E) It presumes without warrant that drinking coffee always causes insomnia.
27 Oct 2022, 03:54
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The author incorrectly deduces from "90 percent of extreme insomniacs consume large amount of coffee" that then people who consume large amounts of coffee are most likely insomniacs.
(A) It fails to acknowledge the possibility that Tom is among the 10 percent of people who drink large amounts of coffee who are not extreme insomniacs.
The research shows that 90% of extreme insomniacs are coffee drinkers, not that 90% of coffee drinkers are extreme insomniacs.
(B) It fails to consider the possible contribution to extreme insomnia of other causes of insomnia besides coffee.
Irrelevant. The research which the author uses to deduce the likelihood of Tom being an extreme insomniac has to do with the correlation of extreme insomnia to large amounts of coffee being consumed.
(C) It relies on evidence that does not indicate the frequency of extreme insomnia among people who drink large amounts of coffee.
Correct. The author incorrectly goes from 90% extreme insomniacs = extreme coffee drinkers, to extreme coffee drinkers = 90% extreme insomniacs
(D) It draws an inference about one specific individual from evidence that describes only the characteristics of a class of individuals
Incorrect. The flaw is not that the author draws a conclusion about Tom from characteristics of extreme insomniacs. The author incorrectly uses 90% extreme insomniacs = extreme coffee drinkers to deduce that because Tom drinks a lot of coffee = Tom Insomniac.
(E) It presumes without warrant that drinking coffee always causes insomnia.
The author does not say that Tom IS an extreme insomniac because of his coffee assumption, rather that he most likely is.
Answer C
(A) It fails to acknowledge the possibility that Tom is among the 10 percent of people who drink large amounts of coffee who are not extreme insomniacs.
The research shows that 90% of extreme insomniacs are coffee drinkers, not that 90% of coffee drinkers are extreme insomniacs.
(B) It fails to consider the possible contribution to extreme insomnia of other causes of insomnia besides coffee.
Irrelevant. The research which the author uses to deduce the likelihood of Tom being an extreme insomniac has to do with the correlation of extreme insomnia to large amounts of coffee being consumed.
(C) It relies on evidence that does not indicate the frequency of extreme insomnia among people who drink large amounts of coffee.
Correct. The author incorrectly goes from 90% extreme insomniacs = extreme coffee drinkers, to extreme coffee drinkers = 90% extreme insomniacs
(D) It draws an inference about one specific individual from evidence that describes only the characteristics of a class of individuals
Incorrect. The flaw is not that the author draws a conclusion about Tom from characteristics of extreme insomniacs. The author incorrectly uses 90% extreme insomniacs = extreme coffee drinkers to deduce that because Tom drinks a lot of coffee = Tom Insomniac.
(E) It presumes without warrant that drinking coffee always causes insomnia.
The author does not say that Tom IS an extreme insomniac because of his coffee assumption, rather that he most likely is.
Answer C
17 Nov 2025, 14:01
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I think C is an interesting choice and perhaps the right answer.
So if we want to comment on the likelihood of one being EI or not on the basis of coffee consumption, we must be given data distribution of people who drink lot of coffee.
So if we want to comment on the likelihood of one being EI or not on the basis of coffee consumption, we must be given data distribution of people who drink lot of coffee.
