Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis

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Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder  indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that  rocks were scattered by its force.

(A) indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that
(B) indicate that the extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree to which
(C) indicate the overwhelming extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(D) indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(E) indicates the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that

debjit1990 · Answer

Ans: D

subject started with each is always singular. so, indicates should be correct
a,b,c-- eliminated for using indicate
d)correct
e)extent to-- wrong idiom
 degree that-- wrong idiom

Leadership · Answer

Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that rocks were scattered by its force.

(A) indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that
(B) indicate that the extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree to which
(C) indicate the overwhelming extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(D) indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(E) indicates the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that

D is the best choice.

(B) indicate that the extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree to which - S-V error as explained above

(C) indicate the overwhelming extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which - S-V error as explained above

(D) indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which - S-V agree. Correct (E) indicates the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that - S-V agreement but 'extent to flooding' is wrong. Incrorrect

exc4libur · Answer

NOTES: "each of the photo…" is singular, thus "indicates"; "the extent of the flooding… and the degree to which" is parallel.

Ans (D)

eakabuah · Answer

D is the answer in my view.

Split#1: Subject-verb agreement: indicate vs indicates.
The subject of the sentence is each, which is singular. Hence the verb must also be singular verb form indicates. Based on this, A, B, and C can be eliminated.

Split #2: the extent of flooding vs the extent to flooding.
The extent of flooding is is the appropriate in the context of the meaning of the sentence. Hence E can be eliminated.

D is left as the best answer.

Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that rocks were scattered by its force.

(A)  indicate  the overwhelming  extent to  flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree  that 
(B)  indicate  that the  extent of  the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree  to which 
(C)  indicate  the overwhelming  extent of  the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree  to which 
(D)  indicates  the overwhelming  extent of  the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree  to which 
(E)  indicates  the overwhelming  extent to  flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree  that

ostrick5465 · Answer

Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder  indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that  rocks were scattered by its force.

(A)  indicate  the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the  degree that 
(B)  indicate  that the extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree to which
(C)  indicate  the overwhelming extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(D) indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(E) indicates the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the  degree that

D is the best choice.

unraveled · Answer

Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder  indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that  rocks were scattered by its force.

(A) indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that - WRONG. 'To flooding' is incorrect. Plural verb indicate also.
(B) indicate that the extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree to which - WRONG. Changes meaning, more importantly clause and phrase are not parallel. Plural verb also.
(C) indicate the overwhelming extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which - WRONG. Slight change of meaning and plural verb.
(D) indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which - CORRECT. Parallelism correct between "the overwhelming...ago" and "the degree .... force". Singular verb.
(E) indicates the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that - WRONG. "To flooding" is incorrect.

IMO Answer D.

tranminh1333 · Answer

"each of the photographs"" should be followed by "indicates" => eliminate A,B,C
"extent to flooding" makes no sense => eliminate E.

=> D is the best choice.

ExpertsGlobal5 · Answer

Dear Friends,

Here is a detailed explanation to this question-

Choice A:  This answer choice features a subject-verb disagreement between the noun phrase "each of the photographs" and the verb "indicate". This answer choice also utilizes the unidiomatic phrases "extent to flooding" and "degree that rocks were", rather than the correct phrases "extent of flooding" and "degree to which rocks were". Thus, this answer choice is incorrect.

Choice B:  This answer choice repeats the subject-verb agreement error seen in Option A. Thus, this answer choice is incorrect.

Choice C:  This answer choice repeats the subject-verb agreement error seen in Option A. Thus, this answer choice is incorrect.

Choice D:  This answer maintains proper subject-verb agreement and idiom construction throughout the sentence. Thus, this answer choice is correct.

Choice E:  This answer choice repeats the idiom-related errors seen in Option A. Thus, this answer choice is incorrect.

Hence, D is the best answer choice.

Please note that when the word "each" is used in a sentence, a singular verb must be used to act upon the relevant noun because "each" signifies that the sentence refers to one noun among a plurality. The only situation wherein this rule does not apply is when "each" is preceded by a plural noun or pronoun.

To understand the concept of "An Exception in the Usage of Each on GMAT", you may want to watch the following video (~1 minute):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XR1_poC5W90

All the best!
Experts' Global Team

CrackverbalGMAT · Answer

Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder  indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that  rocks were scattered by its force.

(A) indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that
(B) indicate that the extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree to which
(C) indicate the overwhelming extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(D) indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(E) indicates the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that

The subject “each” takes the singular verb. Hence any option that uses the plural verb “indicate” gets eliminated-  Eliminate A, B, and C.

We can either say the overwhelming extent  to which something happened  or the overwhelming  extent of something (noun).  
As we are talking about the flooding (gerund) on the earth. We have to use the construction - the extent of and not extent to. 
As we are not modifying the degree, it is incorrect to use “that”-The degree that rocks were scattered.  Eliminate D.

Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder indicates  the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which  rocks were scattered by its force.

Option D is correct.

VP
GMAT SME

VerbalBot · Answer

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Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis

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Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis

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