Some farmers have recently begun planting cotton grown from genetically modified seed designed to increase resistance to insect pests. Compared with farmers using ordinary seed, those using the modified seed required only slightly less insecticide per acre to control pests. The modified seed, however, costs more per acre than ordinary seed. On the basis of these facts, some analysts conclude that switching to the modified seed would be unlikely to benefit most cotton farmers economically.Conclusion of the analysts:
switching to the modified seed would be unlikely to benefit most cotton farmers economically Support for the conclusion:
Compared with farmers using ordinary seed, those using the modified seed required only slightly less insecticide per acre to control pests.and
The modified seed, however, costs more per acre than ordinary seed. We see that the analysts have done a cost-benefit analysis by considering the cost of the seed and the slight difference in the pesticide use of those who used the seed and that of those who didn't and decided that switching to the modified seed isn't economically beneficial.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the analysts’ conclusion?The correct answer to this Weaken question will show that, even though the premises are true, the analyst's conclusion may not be valid.
A. Many of the farmers who tried the modified seed had previously grown other crops using genetically modified seed.The fact that farmers who used the modified cotton seed had previously used modified seed to grow other crops means nothing about the costs and benefits of using the modified cotton seed.
Eliminate.
B. The insecticides typically used on ordinary cotton are substantially more expensive per unit than those typically used on other crops.This is an irrelevant comparison.
After all, regardless of how the cost of insecticides used on cotton compares with the cost of insecticides used on other crops, those who used the modified cotton seed used only slightly less insecticide than those who used ordinary cotton seed. So, it could still be true that using the modified seed doesn't result in saving much on insecticide.
Eliminate.
C. For most cotton farmers, cotton accounts for the largest share of their total farm revenue.This information has no effect on the strength of the argument.
After all, regardless of how great a share of revenue cotton accounts for, if modified seed costs more without enabling much of a reduction in insecticide use, switching to the modified seed won't benefit farmers economically.
Eliminate.
D. Farmers who tried the modified seed planted approximately the same average acreage of cotton as farmers who used ordinary seed.This choice has no effect on the argument.
After all, the passage says the following:
those using the modified seed required only slightly less insecticide per acre and
The modified seed ... costs more per acre So, the premises already account for the number of acres planted by different farmers by comparing on a per-acre basis.
Eliminate.
E. Farmers who tried the modified seed had previously spent significantly more per acre on insecticides than most farmers using ordinary seed.This choice is interesting.
After all, the premise that supports the analysts' conclusion is the following:
Compared with farmers using ordinary seed, those using the modified seed required only slightly less insecticide per acre to control pests. So, this choice, in combination with that premise, indicates that the farmers who used the modified seed went from previously spending "significantly more per acre on insecticides" than farmers using ordinary seed to using "slightly less."
In other words, by switching to the modified seed, farmers achieved significant reductions in spending on pesticides. So, it appears that switching did benefit them economically.
Thus, this choice indicates that switching to the modified seed could benefit farmers economically and thus weakens the case for the analysts' conclusion,
Keep.
Correct answer: E