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Updated on: 07 Mar 2024, 00:46
Originally posted by saynchalk on 06 Mar 2024, 20:37.
Last edited by gmatophobia on 07 Mar 2024, 00:46, edited 1 time in total.
Last edited by gmatophobia on 07 Mar 2024, 00:46, edited 1 time in total.
Formatted the question
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
69% (02:19) correct
31%
(02:24)
wrong
based on 162
sessions
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Not Attempted Yet
The authors of a recent article examined warnings of an impending wave of extinctions of animal species within the next 100 years. These authors say that no evidence exists to support the idea that the rate of extinction of animal species is now accelerating. They are wrong, however. Consider only the data on fishes: 40 species and subspecies of North American fishes have vanished in the twentieth century, 13 between 1900 and 1950, and 27 since 1950.
The answer to which one of the following questions would contribute most to an evaluation of the argument?
(A) Were the fish species and subspecies that became extinct unrepresentative of animal species in general with regard to their pattern of extinction?
(B) How numerous were the populations in 1950 of the species and subspecies of North American fishes that have become extinct since 1950?
(C) Did any of the species or subspecies of North American fishes that became extinct in the twentieth century originate in regions outside of North America?
(D) What proportion of North American fish species and subspecies whose populations were endangered in 1950 are now thriving?
(E) Were any of the species or subspecies of North American fishes that became extinct in the twentieth century commercially important?
The answer to which one of the following questions would contribute most to an evaluation of the argument?
(A) Were the fish species and subspecies that became extinct unrepresentative of animal species in general with regard to their pattern of extinction?
(B) How numerous were the populations in 1950 of the species and subspecies of North American fishes that have become extinct since 1950?
(C) Did any of the species or subspecies of North American fishes that became extinct in the twentieth century originate in regions outside of North America?
(D) What proportion of North American fish species and subspecies whose populations were endangered in 1950 are now thriving?
(E) Were any of the species or subspecies of North American fishes that became extinct in the twentieth century commercially important?
08 Mar 2024, 11:56
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AdityaRathore
Not that difficult, If you know the trick of the "variance test".
The argument tell us the following:
The authors of the article state that there is no evidence to support the idea that an impeding extintion wave of animals is incoming during the next 100 years.
However, the argument refutes that based on a study that shows the extintion of some types of fishes that live in North America since 1900.
The argument is suggesting that the particular situation occuring with the fishes must replicate in other kind of animals.
We are asked to determine what question would contribute more to evaluete the argument.
Here we can apply the variance test wich tell us that the correct answer will be the one when put in 2 extremes (usally is a question that goes for yes/no or high/low answer), would validate the argument in one extreme and invalidate it in the other, or vice versa. But If the answer validates or invalidates only on extreme, or is out of scope, then the answer is incorrect.
A) Were the fish species and subspecies that became extinct unrepresentative of animal species in general with regard to their pattern of extinction?.
Applying the test.
-Extreme 1: Yes, the fish species and subspecies that became extinct were representative of animal species in general with regard to their pattern of extinction.
This validates the argument by saying that the extintion of the fishes would replicate in other kind of animals.
-Extreme 2: No, the fish species and subspecies that became extinct were not representative of animal species in general with regard to their pattern of extinction.
This invalidates the argument becouse if the fishes were not representative of other species, then the situation would not replicate to other animals in general.
As this choice validates the argument in one extreme and invalidates it in the other, is hence the correct answer.
All other options are out of scope. Because even if the fishes are in fact extinging, or the population number is reducing or whatever happen with the fishes is not important to determinate if the situation would replicate to other animals. So the only answer choice that helps with that is A).
