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18 Aug 2019, 02:29
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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
41% (02:23) correct
59%
(02:21)
wrong
based on 946
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
The brains of identical twins are genetically identical. When only one of a pair of identical twins is a schizophrenic, certain areas of the affected twin‟s brain are smaller than corresponding areas in the brain of the unaffected twin. No such differences are found when neither twin is schizophrenic. Therefore, this discovery provides definitive evidence that schizophrenia is caused by damage to the physical structure of the brain.
If the statements on which the conclusion above is based are all true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:
(A) People who lack a genetic susceptibility for the disease will not develop schizophrenia.
(B) Medications can control most of the symptoms of schizophrenia in most patients but will never be able to cure it.
(C) The brains of schizophrenics share many of the characteristics found in those of people without the disorder.
(D) It will eventually be possible to determine whether or not someone will develop schizophrenia on the basis of genetic information alone.
(E) Brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia are the result of childhood viral infections that inhibit the development of brain cells.
If the statements on which the conclusion above is based are all true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:
(A) People who lack a genetic susceptibility for the disease will not develop schizophrenia.
(B) Medications can control most of the symptoms of schizophrenia in most patients but will never be able to cure it.
(C) The brains of schizophrenics share many of the characteristics found in those of people without the disorder.
(D) It will eventually be possible to determine whether or not someone will develop schizophrenia on the basis of genetic information alone.
(E) Brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia are the result of childhood viral infections that inhibit the development of brain cells.
19 Aug 2019, 11:20
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SajjadAhmad
We need to find something which is 100% FALSE according to the passage..
(A) People who lack a genetic susceptibility for the disease will not develop schizophrenia.
Could be true.. no reason to believe this is 100% false
(B) Medications can control most of the symptoms of schizophrenia in most patients but will never be able to cure it.
Maybe.. Maybe not.. No info
(C) The brains of schizophrenics share many of the characteristics found in those of people without the disorder.
If two twins have identical brains, and one suffers from schizophrenia while the other doesn't, then this could be true.
(D) It will eventually be possible to determine whether or not someone will develop schizophrenia on the basis of genetic information alone.
If two twins have the exact same genetic makeup, and one can develop schizophrenia while the other doesn't, then this must be our answer.
(E) Brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia are the result of childhood viral infections that inhibit the development of brain cells.
Could be true..
25 Aug 2019, 09:34
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Explanation
Now we’re looking for a statement that contradicts the stimulus evidence. The stimulus tells us that the brains of identical twins are “genetically identical.” Thus, their brains contain the same genetic information; there are no genetic differences between them. So, in the cases discussed, it would not be possible to determine from genetic information alone, that the one twin will develop schizophrenia and the other won’t. Therefore, genetic information alone isn’t enough to indicate whether a person will develop schizophrenia. If the statements in the stimulus are to be believed, (D) is flat out wrong, and therefore the answer we seek.
(A) could be true; genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia could be one of its prerequisites. Considering the evidence we’re given, it’s possible that a pair of identical twins share a genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia, but that only one actually develops the disease (for whatever reason).
(B) Nothing in the stimulus refers to the treatment of schizophrenia, so there’s nothing to contradict (B)’s claim.
(C) The stimulus never says that the brains of schizophrenic twins are completely different from the brains of healthy twins, only that certain areas of the brain are smaller. The brains of schizophrenics might share many characteristics with the brains of people without the disorder.
(E) provides a cause—viral infections—for the brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia. This fits the stimulus rather well: maybe viral infections damage the brain and the damage causes schizophrenia. No contradiction.
Answer: D
Now we’re looking for a statement that contradicts the stimulus evidence. The stimulus tells us that the brains of identical twins are “genetically identical.” Thus, their brains contain the same genetic information; there are no genetic differences between them. So, in the cases discussed, it would not be possible to determine from genetic information alone, that the one twin will develop schizophrenia and the other won’t. Therefore, genetic information alone isn’t enough to indicate whether a person will develop schizophrenia. If the statements in the stimulus are to be believed, (D) is flat out wrong, and therefore the answer we seek.
(A) could be true; genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia could be one of its prerequisites. Considering the evidence we’re given, it’s possible that a pair of identical twins share a genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia, but that only one actually develops the disease (for whatever reason).
(B) Nothing in the stimulus refers to the treatment of schizophrenia, so there’s nothing to contradict (B)’s claim.
(C) The stimulus never says that the brains of schizophrenic twins are completely different from the brains of healthy twins, only that certain areas of the brain are smaller. The brains of schizophrenics might share many characteristics with the brains of people without the disorder.
(E) provides a cause—viral infections—for the brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia. This fits the stimulus rather well: maybe viral infections damage the brain and the damage causes schizophrenia. No contradiction.
Answer: D
Hope it helps
