Bunuel
The city administration is planning to impose severe fines on all house owners in the old part of the city who are adding extra floors to their houses. The government claims that the purchase agreement for these houses clearly states that the owners were to add no extra floors to the houses.The government’s move is unjustifiably harsh because most of these houses were purchased by their owners at least 50 years back and the size of the families of these owners has increased considerably since then. Surely, the owners cannot be fined if they want to create more space for their family members to stay in.
Which of the following most weakens the argument above?
(A) Constructing additional floors in houses situated in the old part of the city costs a huge sum of money as there is a severe water shortage in this area and the water needed for construction work has to be transported on diesel tankers.
(B) Construction of additional floors in houses situated in the old part of the city will ruin the aesthetics of this locality and make it unattractive for future buyers.
(C) The children of some of the house owners who stay in the old part of the city stay in other countries and not necessarily with the house owners.
(D) The addition of extra floors will not affect the market value of the houses in the old part of the city.
(E) Most of the house owners in the old part of the city who are adding floors to their houses are doing so primarily for the purpose of renting out these floors.
Official Explanation
Answer: E
The argument concludes that the house owners in the old part of the city should not be fined by the government for adding floors to their houses because they are doing so to provide extra space for their family members. To weaken the argument, we need to show that the reason why the house owners are doing so is not this but something else. E provides one such reason—if the house owners are adding these floors to rent them out then it has nothing to do with the argument’s reasoning that they are trying to make more space for their family members. Thus, this option immediately weakens the argument.
(A) If the house owners are ready to bear this extra cost, then who is the government to fine them? After all, they are still only just trying to provide extra space for their family members.
(B) This still doesn’t weaken the argument that the house owners are justified in adding these floors as they need extra space for their family members to stay.
(C) Family members does not only include children; there could be other family members staying with these house owners as well. Also, some doesn’t really tell us anything.
(D) If anything, this strengthens the argument by suggesting that increasing the market value of the houses is not the reason why the house owners are adding these floors.