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If we want to build a concise sentence here, we should have "jet stream" right before the last modifier. Otherwise it becomes unclear what the last part of the sentence is modifying. This leaves us only with option B and C. Please kindly share your opinion if we can eliminate A, D, E solely on the modifier issue.

Between B and C, C provides us with additional information und makes a clear distinction between troposphere and stratosphere.

Therefore, I'll go with C as well.
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Explanation from GMAT FREE, the source.

Creating a filter: we flow through the original sentence and may not see an error. We can move on to choice (B).

Finding objective defects: in (B), the phrase "decreasing and increasing with altitude" seems to be a distortion of the intended meaning. So (B) is probably out. (C) looks better. The subject of the main clause is near its verb, in that "troposphere" is separated by only one modifying phrase from "gives way." Also, in (C), it's easier for us to understand that all the stuff at the front of the sentence is to define the tropopause in terms of the troposphere and the stratosphere. By contrast, it's unclear in (A) what "in the tropopause" is modifying. Is it simply where jet streams reside? Therefore, (A) is out and (C) is in. Choice (D) distorts the intended meaning: "increasing temperature with altitude" is not supposed to refer to the jet streams, but rather to the stratosphere. Out. Choice (E) manages to combine the errors we just mentioned of (D) and of (A). So it's out and we are left only with (C). In this case, the answer choices were mostly jumbles of each other, and when that's the case, what's right and wrong will tend to depend on whether each sentence conveys the intended meaning correctly and clearly. The correct answer is (C).
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what is the proper detailed answer? thank you
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The fast-flowing, narrow air currents known as jet streams, in the tropopause, where the troposphere, whose temperature decreases with altitude, gives way to the stratosphere, whose temperature increases with altitude, reach their peak strength.

A. The fast-flowing, narrow air currents known as jet streams, in the tropopause, where the troposphere, whose temperature decreases with altitude, gives way to the stratosphere, whose temperature increases with altitude,

B. In the tropopause, where the troposphere gives way to the stratosphere, decreasing and increasing with altitude, the fast-flowing, narrow air currents known as jet streams

C. In the tropopause, where the troposphere, whose temperature decreases with altitude, gives way to the stratosphere, whose temperature increases with altitude, the fast-flowing, narrow air currents known as jet streams

D. Increasing in temperature with altitude, the fast-flowing, narrow air currents known as jet streams, where the troposphere, whose temperature decreases with altitude, gives way to the stratosphere,

E. The fast-flowing, narrow air currents known as jet streams, in the tropopause, where the troposphere whose temperature decreases with altitude gives way to the stratosphere, increases in temperature with altitude and
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By selecting C, how can whose be used because it is used for living

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By selecting C, how can whose be used because it is used for living
Whose is not restricted to living things, and can refer to inanimate objects as well. For example:

The question, whose difficulty level is not known...
The car whose tires need to be replaced...
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