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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
50% (01:02) correct
50%
(01:08)
wrong
based on 1336
sessions
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Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
The first time that Larry walked down the ramp, laden with packages, he tripped and nearly dislocated his shoulder.
(A) Larry walked down the ramp, laden with packages,
(B) Larry walked, laden with packages, down the ramp
(C) Larry walked down the ramp, with laden packages,
(D) Larry, laden with packages, walked down the ramp
(E) Larry, laden with packages, had walked down the ramp,
(A) Larry walked down the ramp, laden with packages,
(B) Larry walked, laden with packages, down the ramp
(C) Larry walked down the ramp, with laden packages,
(D) Larry, laden with packages, walked down the ramp
(E) Larry, laden with packages, had walked down the ramp,
02 Jul 2012, 06:37
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arunmehta89
Hi Arun,
The link that I mentioned in my earlier post deals with Verb-ing and Verb-ed modifiers. Following are the rule sets for these modifiers according to their placement in the sentence:
1. Verb-ed modifiers always modify the preceding noun entity. It can be a single-word noun entity or a noun-phrase.
2. When a verb-ed modifier appears in the beginning of the sentence, it modifies the subject of the following clause.
3. When a verb-ing modifier appears after a clause preceded by a comma, then it modifies the preceding clause. It presents either extra information about the preceding clause or the result of the preceding clause.
4. When a verb-ing modifier appears after a clause without any comma before it, then it modifiers the preceding noun entity.
5. When a verb-ing modifier appears in the beginning of the subject, then it modifies either the subject or the entire following clause, depending upon the context the sentence.
Now let’s analyze the examples you have provided.
1. Sachin is one of the best players of badminton game, surpassed only by James and Amie.
In this sentence, “surpassed” is the verb-ed modifier. This means that it modify the preceding noun entity. Now, it does not make sense for “surpassed” to modify “badminton game”. Also notice that “one of the best players of badminton game” is a one big noun phrase. None of the element of this phrase can be written elsewhere in the sentence to communicate logical meaning. Hence, here “surpassed” is modifying “one of the best players of badminton game”. This is a correct modification. That’s what the sentence means.
2. Sachin is the best player, playing for Indian Badminton team.
Here we have a verb-ing modifier “playing” that appears after a clause preceded by a comma. That means that modifier modifies the entire preceding clause. This sentence means that Sachin is the best player and he plays for Indian Badminton team. Here the verb-ing modifier is presenting additional information about the preceding clause.
If you want to see more examples for the all the rule sets mentioned above and practice some quizzes, log on to e-gmat.com, register for free and view Verb-ing Modifiers concept file in our free trial concepts.
Hope this helps.
Thanks.
Shraddha
28 Jun 2012, 07:57
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arunmehta89
Hi Arun,
The first time that Larry walked down the ramp, laden with packages, he tripped and nearly dislocated his shoulder.
It is clear that you get the intended meaning of the sentence. You agree that “laden with packages” should modify “Larry”.
According to GMAT, the verb-ed modifier is a noun modifier that should be placed to the entity it modifies as close as possible. Generally, verb-ed modifiers modify the immediate preceding noun or noun phrase.
In this sentence, “laden” is a verb-ed modifier which is places next to ramp. Even if it separated from “ramp” by comma, “ramp” is the immediate preceding noun and per the GMAT, “laden” will modify “ramp”. But this is certainly not the intended meaning of the sentence. Hence, we must put “laden” close to Larry so that there is no modification error.
You can also read this post for the correct usage of verb-ed modifiers:
verb-ed-modifiers-vs-verb-ing-modifiers-125611.html?fl=similar
I do agree that in Choice D, we need a comma after “ramp”. However, placement of comma alone has never been the deterministic issue for eliminating an answer choice. GMAT exclusively does not test the correct placement of punctuations. Moreover, to avoid a punctuation error, which is not even an error per GMAT, we are committing a graver error of modification by choosing A. Now modifiers are certainly deterministic errors to eliminate an answer choice.
Hence, we must choose the most ideal answer choice and that is choice D.
Hope this helps.
Thanks.
Shraddha
