The Han Chinese ethnicity, known within China as the "Descendants of

The Han Chinese ethnicity, known within China as the "Descendants of the Yan and Huang Emperors", constitute 92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population, making them the largest single ethnic group in the world.

BY POE

A. constitute 92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population, making them
--> Both 'constitute' and 'them' suggest 'Han Chinese ethnicity' plural, which is incorrect: SV error.

B. constitutes 92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population, and consequently it is
--> Corrects SV error

C. make up the constituents of 92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population, and make them
--> Same as A

D. are the constituents of 92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population, and therefore is making it
--> Here apart from SV error (are), the usage of 'is' means 'the constituents' are making 'Han ethnicity' largest. Meaning issue.

E. have been constituting 92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population, and have made them
--> Here apart from SV error (have been + them), present continuous (have +been constituting) means that constituting is a process and it started sometime in the past and continues till date. Meaning issue.

I was stuck between A & B, but finally chose B

"Constituents" in option C & D changes meaning and hence is wrong. In option E tense error because it uses "have been", facts are stated by simple present tense. Use of have been in E gives a sense that through out the history they have been 92% of PRC and 20% of world population, hence incorrect. Eliminate option C,D & E.

Coming to A, "The Han Chinese ethnicity" looks like a collective noun which should be singular (although there are few exceptions - people, police, exceptions). Verb used here is constitute which is plural. Pronoun at the end of sentence used is them which is again plural. Hence, A could only be correct if the subject "The Han Chinese ethnicity" is plural.

Coming to B, all looks good. Only thing that bothers me is "and consequently" at the end. I feel like its line cause & effect (92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population --> consequently largest single ethnic group in the world ) and "and" is not required here.

Subject: The Han Chinese ethnicity
Verb: constitites
Correct Option B:
constitutes 92% of the People's Republic of China and 20% of the human population,
and consequently it is

Eliminate A, C, D and E - SVA Error.

A. constitute 92% of the People's Republic of China and
20% of the human population, making them

C. make up the constituents of 92% of the People's Republic of China and
20% of the human population, and make them

D. are the constituents of 92% of the People's Republic of China and
20% of the human population, and therefore is making it

E. have been constituting 92% of the People's Republic of China and
20% of the human population, and have made them