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05 Oct 2018, 18:34
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Question 1
A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
56% (02:53) correct
44%
(02:43) wrong
based on 520
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
65%
(hard)
Question Stats:
47% (01:19) correct 53%
(01:26) wrong
based on 513
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 3
C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
22% (01:38) correct 78%
(01:37) wrong
based on 485
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
The prevailing theory of our Moon's origin is that it was created by a giant impact between a large planet-like object and the proto-Earth very early in the evolution of our solar system. The energy of this impact was sufficiently high that the Moon formed from melted material that began with a deep liquid magma ocean. As the Moon cooled, this magma ocean solidified into different mineral components, the lightest of which floated upwards to form the oldest crust. Although samples of this presumed ancient crust were brought back to Earth by the Apollo 16 mission in 1972, it was not until recently that scientists could successfully date them. Recent analysis of one of the samples, a rock called ferroan anorthosite or FAN, which is believed to be the oldest of the Moon's crustal rocks, has given scientists new insights into the formation of the Moon, suggesting that the Moon may be much younger than currently believed.
The sample that had been carefully stored at NASA’s Johnson Space Center had to be extensively pre-cleaned to remove terrestrial contamination. Once the sample was contamination free, the researchers were able to study it. The team analyzed the isotopes of the elements lead and neodymium to place the age of the sample at 4.36 billion years. This figure is significantly younger than earlier estimates of the Moon's age that range to nearly as old as the age of the solar system itself at 4.567 billion years. The new, younger age obtained for the oldest lunar crust is similar to ages obtained for the oldest terrestrial minerals -- zircons from Western Australia -- suggesting that the oldest crust on both Earth and the Moon formed at approximately the same time.
This study is the first in which a single sample of FAN yielded consistent ages from multiple isotope dating techniques. This result strongly suggests that these ages pinpoint the time at which this sample crystallized. The extraordinarily young age of this lunar sample either means that the Moon solidified significantly later than previous estimates -- and therefore the moon itself is much younger than previously believed -- or that this sample does not represent a crystallization product of the original magma ocean. Either scenario requires major revision to existing models for the formation of the Moon.
The sample that had been carefully stored at NASA’s Johnson Space Center had to be extensively pre-cleaned to remove terrestrial contamination. Once the sample was contamination free, the researchers were able to study it. The team analyzed the isotopes of the elements lead and neodymium to place the age of the sample at 4.36 billion years. This figure is significantly younger than earlier estimates of the Moon's age that range to nearly as old as the age of the solar system itself at 4.567 billion years. The new, younger age obtained for the oldest lunar crust is similar to ages obtained for the oldest terrestrial minerals -- zircons from Western Australia -- suggesting that the oldest crust on both Earth and the Moon formed at approximately the same time.
This study is the first in which a single sample of FAN yielded consistent ages from multiple isotope dating techniques. This result strongly suggests that these ages pinpoint the time at which this sample crystallized. The extraordinarily young age of this lunar sample either means that the Moon solidified significantly later than previous estimates -- and therefore the moon itself is much younger than previously believed -- or that this sample does not represent a crystallization product of the original magma ocean. Either scenario requires major revision to existing models for the formation of the Moon.
1. Which of the following captures the primary purpose of the passage?
A. To explain a recent scientific analysis while analyzing some important implications of its findings
B. To establish how a prevailing scientific theory is no longer valid
C. To discuss two competing theories regarding a scientific phenomenon
D. To present the details of a recent scientific analysis and its findings
E. To question the outcome of a recent finding
2. The passage states which of the following?
A. The oldest terrestrial minerals can be said to be at least 4.36 billion years old.
B. In the recent analysis, more than one dating mechanism was applied to the FAN sample.
C. A significant amount of more research is required before anything certain can be concluded regarding the age of the FAN samples.
D. Zircons from Western Australia corroborated the age of the FAN sample.
E. Terrestrial contamination often occurs in samples brought from space.
3. The passage supports which of the following statements?
A. In the light of the analysis done on the FAN sample, it is possible that ferroan anorthosite is not a light mineral.
B. If the Moon was indeed formed 4.36 billion years ago, then the age of the solar system itself needs to be reconsidered.
C. The fact that the moon was not formed at a much later stage than generally believed does not affect the requirement for significant changes in the existing theory of Moon formation.
D. A consistent result from multiple isotope dating techniques had never been achieved in any field before the mentioned study on the FAN sample.
E. Since the Apollo 16 mission in 1972, scientists have not been able to obtain more samples from the Moon’s crust.
A. To explain a recent scientific analysis while analyzing some important implications of its findings
B. To establish how a prevailing scientific theory is no longer valid
C. To discuss two competing theories regarding a scientific phenomenon
D. To present the details of a recent scientific analysis and its findings
E. To question the outcome of a recent finding
2. The passage states which of the following?
A. The oldest terrestrial minerals can be said to be at least 4.36 billion years old.
B. In the recent analysis, more than one dating mechanism was applied to the FAN sample.
C. A significant amount of more research is required before anything certain can be concluded regarding the age of the FAN samples.
D. Zircons from Western Australia corroborated the age of the FAN sample.
E. Terrestrial contamination often occurs in samples brought from space.
3. The passage supports which of the following statements?
A. In the light of the analysis done on the FAN sample, it is possible that ferroan anorthosite is not a light mineral.
B. If the Moon was indeed formed 4.36 billion years ago, then the age of the solar system itself needs to be reconsidered.
C. The fact that the moon was not formed at a much later stage than generally believed does not affect the requirement for significant changes in the existing theory of Moon formation.
D. A consistent result from multiple isotope dating techniques had never been achieved in any field before the mentioned study on the FAN sample.
E. Since the Apollo 16 mission in 1972, scientists have not been able to obtain more samples from the Moon’s crust.
07 Oct 2018, 01:15
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Q1 - why not D, as passage explains about theory and its findings...
Q2 - This study is the first in which a single sample of FAN yielded consistent ages from multiple isotope dating techniques, hence B is correct ans..
Q3, as per my understanding C is wrong bcz the last line of 3rd para states that "Either scenario requires major revision to existing models for the formation of Moon."
please explain...
Q2 - This study is the first in which a single sample of FAN yielded consistent ages from multiple isotope dating techniques, hence B is correct ans..
Q3, as per my understanding C is wrong bcz the last line of 3rd para states that "Either scenario requires major revision to existing models for the formation of Moon."
please explain...
07 Oct 2018, 02:56
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jareen
Q1 - why not D, as passage explains about theory and its findings...
Q2 - This study is the first in which a single sample of FAN yielded consistent ages from multiple isotope dating techniques, hence B is correct ans..
Q3, as per my understanding C is wrong bcz the last line of 3rd para states that "Either scenario requires major revision to existing models for the formation of Moon."
please explain...
Q2 - This study is the first in which a single sample of FAN yielded consistent ages from multiple isotope dating techniques, hence B is correct ans..
Q3, as per my understanding C is wrong bcz the last line of 3rd para states that "Either scenario requires major revision to existing models for the formation of Moon."
please explain...
hey jareen,
jareen
Q1 - why not D, as passage explains about theory and its findings...
D is not correct because this answer choice doesn't mention "important implications" also D "presents details" which is wrong, because as per the thid para below - the scientfic study was explained" i marked "recent scientfic explanation in blue and highlighted important implications in yellow. hence answer A is correct.
The sample that had been carefully stored at NASA’s Johnson Space Center had to be extensively pre-cleaned to remove terrestrial contamination. Once the sample was contamination free, the researchers were able to study it. The team analyzed the isotopes of the elements lead and neodymium to place the age of the sample at 4.36 billion years. This figure is significantly younger than earlier estimates of the Moon's age that range to nearly as old as the age of the solar system itself at 4.567 billion years. The new, younger age obtained for the oldest lunar crust is similar to ages obtained for the oldest terrestrial minerals -- zircons from Western Australia -- suggesting that the oldest crust on both Earth and the Moon formed at approximately the same time.
jareen
Q3, as per my understanding C is wrong bcz the last line of 3rd para states that "Either scenario requires major revision to existing models for the formation of Moon."
C is correct The fact that the moon was not formed at a much later stage than generally believed does not affect the requirement for significant changes in the existing theory of Moon formation.
because the age of moon formation doesnt affect the existing theory of Moon formation, you can assume whatever age you wish, but the excisting theory HOW moon was formed, is not really ifluenced by age of moon formation. see below extract from first para
The prevailing theory of our Moon's origin is that it was created by a giant impact between a large planet-like object and the proto-Earth very early in the evolution of our solar system. The energy of this impact was sufficiently high that the Moon formed from melted material that began with a deep liquid magma ocean.
cheers,
D
