OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
The reason that members of the Rastafarian movement regard drinking alcoholic beverages as improper is that they consider such drinking a tool used to confuse people in modern society, which they call "Babylon".A. that they consider such drinking a tool used to confuse people in modern society, which they call "Babylon"
CORRECTB. because they consider such drinking a tool used to confuse people in modern society, which they call "Babylon"
This answer choice is stylistically flawed. Using both The reason and is because in the same sentence is redundant.
What help us identify this mistake is the following Stop Sign: The reason + becauseC. that they consider such drinking a tool used to confuse people in modern society, that they call "Babylon"
This answer choice is grammatically incorrect. The relative clause which they call "Babylon" is non-defining. Simply put, this means that even if we leave it out, the sentence can still be understood.
In non-defining relative clauses, who/which may not be replaced with that.
In addition, the word that (when used as a relative pronoun) cannot appear after a comma. In this, that is different from other relative pronouns, which can follow a comma or not follow a comma (except which, that must follow a comma).
What helps us identify this mistake is the following Stop Sign: who, which, that, whose, whomD. that such drinking is considered by them to be a tool used to confuse people in modern society, which they call "Babylon"
While this answer choice is grammatically correct, it is stylistically flawed. Replacing the concise phrase they consider such drinking with the longer, wordier phrase such drinking is considered by them to be creates redundancy. E. that they consider such drinking a tool used to confuse people in modern society, which is called "Babylon" by them.
While this answer choice is grammatically correct, it is stylistically flawed. Replacing the concise phrase which they call "Babylon" with the longer, wordier phrase which is called "Babylon" by them creates redundancy.