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Among the 15 listed food categories, the one contributing the most to calorie intake has the highest calorie-to-expenditure ratio in each of the three regions.: False
If the average per-person expenditure on food, in dollar terms, in the Southern Highlands is twice that of Dar es Salaam, and rice in the Southern Highlands costs twice as much as in Dar es Salaam, then the money spent on rice per person in the Southern Highlands is approximately the same as in Dar es Salaam.: True
If the average per-person expenditures, in dollar terms, on Fish in the Lake Zone and Dar es Salaam are roughly the same, and Fish cost the same in both regions, then the total per-person expenditures on food in the Lake Zone are 50% less than in Dar es Salaam.: False
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The table below shows the per-person average share of total food expenditures and calorie intake for various food categories across three regions of Tanzania.
For each of the following statements, select True if the statement is supported by information in the table. Otherwise, select False.
| Region | Dar es Salaam | Southern Highlands | Lake Zone | |||
| Food Item | Calorie | Expenditure | Calorie | Expenditure | Calorie | Expenditure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beans | 5.5% | 4.8% | 7.1% | 7.5% | 6.7% | 6.7% |
| Beef / goat | 1.5% | 2.6% | 0.9% | 1.5% | 1.1% | 3.4% |
| Cassava | 1.1% | 0.3% | 4.1% | 0.1% | 19.4% | 1.8% |
| Cooking bananas | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.8% | 2.6% | 5.1% | 5.5% |
| Cooking oil | 8.5% | 5.7% | 5.1% | 4.4% | 3.9% | 9.2% |
| Fish | 0.9% | 9.3% | 0.8% | 5.3% | 1.8% | 6.2% |
| Maize | 23.4% | 9.9% | 50.6% | 28.0% | 31.3% | 17.5% |
| Mangoes / Other fruit | 0.8% | 1.2% | 0.5% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 0.9% |
| Millet / Sorghum | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 3.6% | 2.1% |
| Potatoes | 0.6% | 1.4% | 0.9% | 2.1% | 0.5% | 0.8% |
| Poultry | 0.3% | 1.1% | 0.1% | 1.9% | 0.3% | 9.6% |
| Rice | 21.2% | 13.5% | 9.2% | 6.8% | 8.5% | 6.2% |
| Ripe banana | 0.4% | 4.9% | 0.4% | 4.7% | 0.4% | 3.0% |
| Sweet potatoes | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.9% | 1.2% | 3.4% | 4.2% |
| Wheat / Other grains | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.1% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 4.2% |
| Total | 67.0% | 57.6% | 83.3% | 69.1% | 88.5% | 81.3% |
For each of the following statements, select True if the statement is supported by information in the table. Otherwise, select False.
| True | False | |
| Among the 15 listed food categories, the one contributing the most to calorie intake has the highest calorie-to-expenditure ratio in each of the three regions. | ||
| If the average per-person expenditure on food, in dollar terms, in the Southern Highlands is twice that of Dar es Salaam, and rice in the Southern Highlands costs twice as much as in Dar es Salaam, then the money spent on rice per person in the Southern Highlands is approximately the same as in Dar es Salaam. | ||
| If the average per-person expenditures, in dollar terms, on Fish in the Lake Zone and Dar es Salaam are roughly the same, and Fish cost the same in both regions, then the total per-person expenditures on food in the Lake Zone are 50% less than in Dar es Salaam. |
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Official Answer
Among the 15 listed food categories, the one contributing the most to calorie intake has the highest calorie-to-expenditure ratio in each of the three regions.: False
If the average per-person expenditure on food, in dollar terms, in the Southern Highlands is twice that of Dar es Salaam, and rice in the Southern Highlands costs twice as much as in Dar es Salaam, then the money spent on rice per person in the Southern Highlands is approximately the same as in Dar es Salaam.: True
If the average per-person expenditures, in dollar terms, on Fish in the Lake Zone and Dar es Salaam are roughly the same, and Fish cost the same in both regions, then the total per-person expenditures on food in the Lake Zone are 50% less than in Dar es Salaam.: False
25 Nov 2024, 08:12
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Official Solution:
Statement 1:
Among the 15 listed food categories, the one contributing the most to calorie intake is Maize in all three regions, with calorie-to-expenditure ratios of approximately 2.4, 1.8, and 1.8 across these regions. However, upon quickly scanning other food categories, it becomes clear that Cassava has a much higher ratio. For example, in the Southern Highlands, Cassava accounts for 4.1% of calorie intake while only 0.1% of food expenditures, resulting in a ratio of 41. Therefore, this statement is False.
Statement 2:
Assuming the per-person expenditure on food in Dar es Salaam is $100, it would be $200 in the Southern Highlands. This would result in expenditures on rice being $13.5 in Dar es Salaam and $13.6 in the Southern Highlands, which are roughly the same. Therefore, this statement is True.
Statement 3:
The amount spent on Fish accounted for 9.3% of total food expenditures in Dar es Salaam, while the same amount accounted for only 6.2% in the Lake Zone. This indicates that the per-person total expenditure on food in the Lake Zone must have been higher than in Dar es Salaam.
Correct answer:
Among the 15 listed food categories, the one contributing the most to calorie intake has the highest calorie-to-expenditure ratio in each of the three regions. "False"
If the average per-person expenditure on food, in dollar terms, in the Southern Highlands is twice that of Dar es Salaam, and rice in the Southern Highlands costs twice as much as in Dar es Salaam, then the money spent on rice per person in the Southern Highlands is approximately the same as in Dar es Salaam. "True"
If the average per-person expenditures, in dollar terms, on Fish in the Lake Zone and Dar es Salaam are roughly the same, and Fish cost the same in both regions, then the total per-person expenditures on food in the Lake Zone are 50% less than in Dar es Salaam. "False"
12 Dec 2024, 12:12
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1. For each of the statements, we have to find whether they are true or false based on the given information.
2. Among the 15 listed food categories, the one contributing the most to calorie intake has the highest calorie-to-expenditure ratio in each of the three regions. Maize has the largest percentage in all three regions. However, in the Southern Highlands it has a ratio of \(\frac{50.6}{28} \approx 1.81\) while Cassava has a ratio of \(\frac{4.1}{0.1} = 41\). So, this statement is false.
3. If the average per-person expenditure on food, in dollar terms, in the Southern Highlands is twice that of Dar es Salaam, and rice in the Southern Highlands costs twice as much as in Dar es Salaam, then the money spent on rice per person in the Southern Highlands is approximately the same as in Dar es Salaam. We can construct the following formula: share of item \(*\) total expenditure = cost of item \(*\) amount of item = money spent on item. For the two regions we get that the money spent on rice is equal to: 13.5% \(*\) x, for Dar es Salaam and 6.8% \(*\) 2x, for Southern Highlands. This is the same as comparing basically 13.5 with 6.8*2 = 13.6. They are approximately the same. So, this statement is true.
4. If the average per-person expenditures, in dollar terms, on Fish in the Lake Zone and Dar es Salaam are roughly the same, and Fish cost the same in both regions, then the total per-person expenditures on food in the Lake Zone are 50% less than in Dar es Salaam. We can use the same formula and get: 9.3% \(*\) Dar es Saleem total expenditure = x = 6.2% \(*\) Southern Highlands total expenditure. This means that the total expenditure in Dar es Saleem is less than in the Southern Highlands, which can't be true. So, this statement is false.
2. Among the 15 listed food categories, the one contributing the most to calorie intake has the highest calorie-to-expenditure ratio in each of the three regions. Maize has the largest percentage in all three regions. However, in the Southern Highlands it has a ratio of \(\frac{50.6}{28} \approx 1.81\) while Cassava has a ratio of \(\frac{4.1}{0.1} = 41\). So, this statement is false.
3. If the average per-person expenditure on food, in dollar terms, in the Southern Highlands is twice that of Dar es Salaam, and rice in the Southern Highlands costs twice as much as in Dar es Salaam, then the money spent on rice per person in the Southern Highlands is approximately the same as in Dar es Salaam. We can construct the following formula: share of item \(*\) total expenditure = cost of item \(*\) amount of item = money spent on item. For the two regions we get that the money spent on rice is equal to: 13.5% \(*\) x, for Dar es Salaam and 6.8% \(*\) 2x, for Southern Highlands. This is the same as comparing basically 13.5 with 6.8*2 = 13.6. They are approximately the same. So, this statement is true.
4. If the average per-person expenditures, in dollar terms, on Fish in the Lake Zone and Dar es Salaam are roughly the same, and Fish cost the same in both regions, then the total per-person expenditures on food in the Lake Zone are 50% less than in Dar es Salaam. We can use the same formula and get: 9.3% \(*\) Dar es Saleem total expenditure = x = 6.2% \(*\) Southern Highlands total expenditure. This means that the total expenditure in Dar es Saleem is less than in the Southern Highlands, which can't be true. So, this statement is false.
