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35%
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There are far fewer kidneys available for transplants than there are patients who are waiting for a new kidney. As evidence of this, nearly 85,000 patients are currently on the waiting list for a kidney transplant, but last year only 16,000 kidney transplants took place.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the argument?
(A) The number of patients on the kidney waiting list has increased substantially since last year.
(B) The number of kidney transplants in the last year is greater than in any previous year.
(C) The number of kidney transplants that take place each year is not significantly different from the number of kidneys available over that time period.
(D) The process for preparing both donors and patients for a kidney transplant often requires several consultations with a doctor and a cumbersome amount of paperwork.
(E) The number of available kidneys has not increased since last year.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the argument?
(A) The number of patients on the kidney waiting list has increased substantially since last year.
(B) The number of kidney transplants in the last year is greater than in any previous year.
(C) The number of kidney transplants that take place each year is not significantly different from the number of kidneys available over that time period.
(D) The process for preparing both donors and patients for a kidney transplant often requires several consultations with a doctor and a cumbersome amount of paperwork.
(E) The number of available kidneys has not increased since last year.
29 Jun 2014, 23:36
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cssk
There are far fewer kidneys available for transplants than there are patients who are waiting for a new kidney. As evidence of this, nearly 85,000 patients are currently on the waiting list for a kidney transplant, but last year only 16,000 kidney transplants took place.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the argument?
A) The number of patients on the kidney waiting list has increased substantially since last year.
B) The number of kidney transplants in the last year is greater than in any previous year.
C) The number of kidney transplants that take place each year is not significantly different from the number of kidneys available over that time period.
D) The process for preparing both donors and patients for a kidney transplant often requires several consultations with a doctor and a cumbersome amount of paperwork.
E) The number of available kidneys has not increased since last year.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the argument?
A) The number of patients on the kidney waiting list has increased substantially since last year.
B) The number of kidney transplants in the last year is greater than in any previous year.
C) The number of kidney transplants that take place each year is not significantly different from the number of kidneys available over that time period.
D) The process for preparing both donors and patients for a kidney transplant often requires several consultations with a doctor and a cumbersome amount of paperwork.
E) The number of available kidneys has not increased since last year.
Premises:
1. Last year, only 16,000 kidney transplants took place.
2. This year, nearly 85000 patients are on the list.
Conclusion:
There are far fewer kidneys available than there are patients.
All we know is that there are many patients but last year, very few transplants took place. We are concluding that kidneys available are few and that is the reason that transplants are few (because we know that number of patients is definitely high). What is the assumption? The assumption is that had more kidneys been available, more transplants would have taken place. Note that from the "number of transplants" figure, we are concluding something about "number of kidneys available". What if the number of kidneys available is far more but transplants are fewer because of reasons such as a match doesn't happen, most kidneys available are not suitable for transplant etc. Hence (C) is our assumption.
Option (E) is not correct.
E) The number of available kidneys has not increased since last year.
Even if the number of available kidneys has increased this year, it is still possible that number of kidneys available is far less than the number of patients. We don't know how many kidneys were available last year and how many patients were there last year. We don't know how many kidneys are available this year. The point is that number of available kidneys and number of transplants may not be proportional.
19 Jan 2015, 23:20
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Praveen_Seelam
Hi All,
I'm really confused with answer choice C,
if the number of kidney transplants that take place each year is not significantly different from the number of kidneys available over that time period; which means the number of kidney transplant that take place each year is almost close to the number of kidneys available over that time period, then where does the lag in kidneys come from ?
argument does not talk anything about kidneys not matching or blood group not matching, so are we supposed to assume that ? how can choice C is an assumption required by argument ?
thanks
I'm really confused with answer choice C,
if the number of kidney transplants that take place each year is not significantly different from the number of kidneys available over that time period; which means the number of kidney transplant that take place each year is almost close to the number of kidneys available over that time period, then where does the lag in kidneys come from ?
argument does not talk anything about kidneys not matching or blood group not matching, so are we supposed to assume that ? how can choice C is an assumption required by argument ?
thanks
You have to be very careful in CR - notice what they are talking about in each sentence. Let's assume variables for clarity.
A - Kidneys available for transplant
B - People waiting on the list for transplant
C - Actual number of transplants that take place.
The argument says this:
A is much less than B.
As evidence, B is 85000 while C is only 16000.
Note that the evidence gives you the numbers of B and C. But we conclude that A is much less than B. How can we do that? The only conclusion from this evidence can be that C is much less than B. How do we conclude that A is much mess than B?
For that we need to assume that A is almost same as C. This is exactly what option (C) tells you. Hence, option (C) is the assumption.
