OE for reference:
Overview:Tom gives an argument concluding that public resentment over the size of executives' salaries is justified, and Martha counters by arguing that it is not. Tom then defends his conclusion by claiming that, and showing how, Martha has misconstrued his argument.
Tom bases his argument on the observation that the disparity between the salaries earned by executives and those earned by average workers is extraordinarily large. Martha explains why she thinks that it is acceptable for this disparity to be large. But this does not fully engage Tom's point. Tom counters Martha's response by pointing out that the key fact for him is that the disparity is atypically large in their country.
The Correct Answer:B Tom's conclusion is directly contradicted by Martha's conclusion, so clearly the main point at issue between the two lies here. Tom concludes that public resentment over the size of executives' salaries is justified, and Martha concludes that it is not. So the main point at issue between them is stated in (B).
The Incorrect Answer Choices:A Tom claims that executives in their country make 85 times the average worker's salary. But since Martha does not dispute this claim, the main point at issue between them cannot lie here.
C, D Martha says, in essence, that it is necessary and fair to reward generously those who take the kinds of action that create wealth. Tom appears to grant Martha's point. Tom's complaint is that in their country those rewards are overly generous. So neither (C) nor (D) expresses the main point at issue between Tom and Martha.
E Neither Tom nor Martha compares the wealth created by executives in their country with the wealth created by executives in other countries. Since neither of them even raises this issue, (E) does not express the main point at issue between them.