Colorectal cancer occurs in the colon or rectum. It is more common amo

Question

Colorectal cancer occurs in the colon or rectum. It is more common among men than women and the majority of cases occur in the over-50s. Triggers are thought to be little or no exercise and excessive weight. A propensity for the disease is also known to be inherited, and therefore when it occurs, a family history of the disease may be found. Diet is believed to play an important role in both the risk of developing the disease and in its prevention. It used to be thought that a diet high in fiber greatly reduced the risk of colorectal cancer, however, it is now thought that eating too much red meat and milk products has a much stronger, unfortunately negative, association and increases the risk of the disease significantly. It so happens that people with high fiber diets eat less red meat and milk products than people with low fiber diets. People who eat lots of fiber also tend to enjoy a lifestyle with many other factors that may confer a lower risk of contracting colorectal cancer. If there is any accepted truism regarding diet, lifestyle and the risk of contacting colorectal cancer then it is no longer the view that eating lots of fiber has an inverse association. Today, dieticians are likely to stress the factors that give rise to greater risk, and at the top of the list of factors will be the consumption of too much alcohol.    1 
 Q1. The author would agree that:

A. Eating lots of fiber may protect against colon cancer.
B. There is a linear inverse association between fiber intake and colorectal cancer.
C. There is no longer an accepted truism about lifestyle and the risk of contracting colorectal cancer.
D. There is no adverse association between colorectal cancer and a diet rich in fibre.
E. A diet of cereals, vegetables and fruit does protect against diseases such as heart disease.

2 
 Q2. Which of the following facts about colorectal cancer can be disproved by the passage?

A. It is the fourth most common cancer among men and the third most common among women.
B. Risk factors are a family history of the disease, smoking heavily, a diet low in vegetables and drinking too much alcohol.
C. Each year 5,000 men and 4,000 women contract the disease and 4,000 of these patients are aged over 50.
D. Each year 3,000 men and 4,000 women are treated for the disease.
E. Colorectal cancer is sometimes called bowel cancer and eating fruit and cereal does little to reduce the risk of contracting this life-threatening disease.

RC Butler 2022  -  Practice Two RC Passages Everyday.   
Passage # 80 Date: 23-Feb-2022
 This question is a part of RC Butler 2022 .  Click here for Details

alizakhatoon · Answer

please explain all the answer my every answer is wrong

Sajjad1994 · Answer

Official Explanation

Q1. The author would agree that:

Explanation

An adverse association is one in which harm results, an inverse association brings benefits, no adverse association means no harm, and while the author would not agree that an inverse association exists, he would agree that a diet of fiber does not bring an increase in risk.

Answer: D

Sajjad1994 · Answer

Official Explanation

Q2. Which of the following facts about colorectal cancer can be disproved by the passage?

Explanation

The passage states that the majority of cases occur in the over- 50s, and given that there are said to be a total of 9,000 cases a year, more than 4,500 of these would be aged 50 or more. Statement A is not disproved by the passage, because although the disease may be more common among men, this does not necessarily imply that it would be a more common form of cancer for men than women when compared with other cancers. Equally, statement D refers to the number of people treated and more women may be treated even though more men contract the illness.

Answer: C

Prob2303 · Answer

Hello Sajjad,

Can I get a brief summary of the passage?

Lodz697 · Answer

Wow. Nice Passage. I really struggled with the last one, but made it!

Lesgo

Sajjad1994 · Answer

Summary of the Passage

Colorectal cancer, more prevalent in men and those over 50, is influenced by factors like lack of exercise, excessive weight, and genetic predisposition. While high-fiber diets were once believed to reduce risk, recent understanding highlights the negative impact of excessive red meat and dairy consumption. Lifestyle factors associated with high-fiber diets may contribute to lower risks. Today, health experts emphasize the role of excessive alcohol consumption as a major risk factor for colorectal cancer.

manish8242 · Answer

I did not get the explanation of Q1

It is said old view -> High Fiber -> less risk
 New view/finding -> Red meat/milk prod (High fiber) -> more risk 
 reason for old view is people who have High fibre generally avoid red meat and other stuffs which proves to be reducing risk. 
But how can we say it has no adverse affect? infact it do has adverse effect. We can only say it can't have inverse relation. Means author may agree that there is no inverse relation. But no adverse relation seems wrong bcz high fibre like red meat indeed increases risk.

Sajjad1994 · Answer

Explanation

Q1. The author would agree that:

Passage summary:

Colorectal cancer risk factors: little exercise, excessive weight, family history, diet. 
  Previously:  high fiber thought to greatly reduce risk. 
 Now: too much red meat and milk products increases risk more significantly. 
 High fiber diets correlate with less red meat/dairy and other healthy lifestyle factors. 
  Key sentence:   “If there is any accepted truism regarding diet, lifestyle and the risk of contracting colorectal cancer then it is no longer the view that eating lots of fiber has an inverse association.”  
  Today:  focus on risk factors like high alcohol consumption.

A:  The passage says the old view was that it greatly reduced risk, but now the focus is on red meat/dairy/alcohol risks. It doesn’t say fiber may protect, it implies the fiber effect may have been due to other correlated factors. So A is not supported.

B:  This is the old view, now rejected. So B is contradicted.

C:  This is tricky wording. The passage says:  “If there is any accepted truism ... then it is no longer the view that eating lots of fiber has an inverse association.”  That means the old truism (fiber reduces risk) is gone, but it doesn’t say there’s no accepted truism at all — there might be new ones (like alcohol increases risk). So  C  says  “no longer an accepted truism”  in general, which is too broad — the passage only says the fiber truism is gone. So C is not exactly right.

D:  The passage never says fiber increases risk — it just says the protective effect is no longer accepted. So  “no adverse association”  means fiber doesn’t increase risk, which is consistent with the passage. This seems true: they don’t claim fiber is harmful.

E:  The passage only discusses colorectal cancer, not heart disease. It might be true in reality, but the author doesn’t state or imply this in the passage. So E is out of scope.

Answer: D

Colorectal cancer occurs in the colon or rectum. It is more common amo

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GMAT Reading Comprehension (RC) Questions

Colorectal cancer occurs in the colon or rectum. It is more common amo

Prep Toolkit

615 to 715 in 15 Days (Ria's Strategies)

More than Quant/Verbal Abilities: Speed vs. Accuracy

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Perfect 805 Score Debrief by Julia

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