Last visit was: 25 Apr 2026, 04:06 It is currently 25 Apr 2026, 04:06
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 25 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,822
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 105,878
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,822
Kudos: 811,141
 [33]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
31
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Most Helpful Reply
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 25 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,822
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 105,878
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,822
Kudos: 811,141
 [15]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
13
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
Raihanuddin
Joined: 11 Sep 2013
Last visit: 29 Aug 2021
Posts: 87
Own Kudos:
706
 [11]
Given Kudos: 381
Concentration: Finance, Finance
Posts: 87
Kudos: 706
 [11]
9
Kudos
Add Kudos
2
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
General Discussion
User avatar
WillGetIt
User avatar
Retired Moderator
Joined: 15 Apr 2013
Last visit: 23 May 2023
Posts: 139
Own Kudos:
7,735
 [2]
Given Kudos: 30
Location: India
Concentration: General Management, Marketing
GMAT Date: 11-23-2015
GPA: 3.6
WE:Science (Other)
Products:
Posts: 139
Kudos: 7,735
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Thanks for quick feedback.

The whole issue with D was that 10/9 is 1.11... Which is greater than 1?

Please clarify
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 25 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,822
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 105,878
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,822
Kudos: 811,141
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
WillGetIt
Thanks for which feedback.

The whole issue with D was that 10/9 is 1.11... Which is greater than 1?

Please clarify

Note that the question asks about the range, not the exact value of the expression. If the value of the expression were 0.9999999 wouldn't it still be correct to say that it's between 0.9 and 1000000000000000000000000?
User avatar
Linhbiz
Joined: 08 Jul 2015
Last visit: 24 Oct 2016
Posts: 18
Own Kudos:
61
 [9]
Given Kudos: 51
GPA: 3.8
WE:Project Management (Energy)
Products:
Posts: 18
Kudos: 61
 [9]
8
Kudos
Add Kudos
1
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
I actually forgot the formula when I had this question so I did the most native manual way I can:
1/2 + 1/4 = 3/4 + 1/8 = 7/8 + 1/16 = 15/16
Stop here: 15/16 > 9/10 and since the rhythm of the series we can see that the sum will always <1
--> correct ans: D
User avatar
Pari28
Joined: 24 Feb 2014
Last visit: 19 Dec 2019
Posts: 32
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 895
Location: United States (GA)
WE:Information Technology (Computer Software)
Posts: 32
Kudos: 12
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
I think this is a high-quality question and I agree with explanation.
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 25 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,822
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 105,878
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,822
Kudos: 811,141
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
I have edited the question and the solution by adding more details to enhance its clarity. I hope it is now easier to understand.
User avatar
MyNameisFritz
Joined: 10 May 2024
Last visit: 18 Aug 2025
Posts: 46
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 169
Location: Latvia
GMAT Focus 1: 555 Q75 V79 DI79
GMAT Focus 1: 555 Q75 V79 DI79
Posts: 46
Kudos: 25
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Can somebody please explain why the sum will always be <1 ?
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 25 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,822
Own Kudos:
811,141
 [1]
Given Kudos: 105,878
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,822
Kudos: 811,141
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
MyNameisFritz

Bunuel
Official Solution:

The value of \(\frac{1}{2} + (\frac{1}{2})^2 + (\frac{1}{2})^3 + ... + (\frac{1}{2})^{20}\) is between?

A. \(\frac{1}{2}\) and \(\frac{2}{3}\)
B. \(\frac{2}{3}\) and \(\frac{3}{4}\)
C. \(\frac{3}{4}\) and \(\frac{9}{10}\)
D. \(\frac{9}{10}\) and \(\frac{10}{9}\)
E. \(\frac{10}{9}\) and \(\frac{3}{2}\)


The value of the given expression can be represented as the sum of a geometric sequence with the first term equal to \(\frac{1}{2}\) and the common ratio also equal to \(\frac{1}{2}\).

For an infinite geometric sequence with a common ratio \(|r| < 1\), the sum can be calculated as \(sum = \frac{b}{1-r}\), where \(b\) is the first term. So, if we had an infinite geometric sequence instead of just 20 terms, its sum would be \(Sum = \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{1 - \frac{1}{2}} = 1\). This means that the sum of this sequence will never exceed 1. Also, since we have a large enough number of terms (20), the sum will be very close to 1, so we can safely choose answer choice D.

We can also use the direct formula for the sum of a finite geometric sequence:

For a geometric sequence with \(b = \frac{1}{2}\), \(r = \frac{1}{2}\), and \(n = 20\):

\(S_n = \frac{b(1 - r^n)}{(1 - r)}\), so:

\(S_{20} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}(1 - \frac{1}{2^{20}})}{(1 - \frac{1}{2})} = 1 - \frac{1}{2^{20}}\). Since \(\frac{1}{2^{20}}\) is a very small number, \(1 - \frac{1}{2^{20}}\) will be less than 1 but very close to it.


Answer: D

Can somebody please explain why the sum will always be <1 ?

If we had the sum of the infinite sequence, the sum would be exactly 1, as shown. However, since we’re working with a finite number of terms (only 20), the sum will be slightly less than 1. Each additional term brings the sum closer to 1, but with only 20 terms, it doesn’t quite reach that limit.
User avatar
shuklashikhar
Joined: 21 Sep 2022
Last visit: 19 Feb 2026
Posts: 3
Given Kudos: 238
Location: India
GMAT Focus 1: 645 Q87 V83 DI76
GPA: 3.0
GMAT Focus 1: 645 Q87 V83 DI76
Posts: 3
Kudos: 0
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
I did not quite understand the solution. If the sum is less than 1, then how come D is solution where 10/9 is more than 1.
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 25 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,822
Own Kudos:
811,141
 [1]
Given Kudos: 105,878
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,822
Kudos: 811,141
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
shuklashikhar
I did not quite understand the solution. If the sum is less than 1, then how come D is solution where 10/9 is more than 1.

The question asks for the range in which the sum lies - not an exact value.

We know the sum is less than 1 but very close to 1.

Option D says: between 9/10 and 10/9:

9/10 = 0.9
10/9 ≈ 1.11

Since the sum is around 0.999..., it clearly falls between 0.9 and 1.11 - so option D is correct. Just because the upper limit is more than 1 doesn't mean the sum exceeds 1 - it only means the sum lies somewhere between 9/10 and 10/9.

This is how ranges work.
User avatar
gg35022
Joined: 19 May 2025
Last visit: 10 Dec 2025
Posts: 1
Own Kudos:
1
 [1]
Given Kudos: 2
Posts: 1
Kudos: 1
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
The problem can also be solved as follows without using a formula:

\(x = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}^{3} + ... + \frac{1}{2}^{20} \)

\(x = \frac{1}{2} * ( 1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}^{2} + ... + \frac{1}{2}^{19} ) \)

notice that the second part in parentheses is actually \(( 1 + x - \frac{1}{2}^{20} ) \)

\(x = \frac{1}{2} * ( 1 + x - \frac{1}{2}^{20} ) \)

\(x = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{x}{2} - \frac{1}{2}^{21} \)

assume \(\frac{1}{2}^{21} \approx{0}\)

\(x \approx \frac{1}{2} + \frac{x}{2} \)

\( \frac{x}{2} \approx \frac{1}{2} \)

\( x\approx{1} \)

1 falls into the range only in option D
User avatar
abhudayaharp
Joined: 27 Aug 2024
Last visit: 03 Dec 2025
Posts: 5
Posts: 5
Kudos: 0
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
This is a great question that’s helpful for learning.
User avatar
agrasan
Joined: 18 Jan 2024
Last visit: 24 Apr 2026
Posts: 676
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 6,482
Location: India
Posts: 676
Kudos: 174
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
I like the solution - it’s helpful.
Moderators:
Math Expert
109822 posts
Founder
43155 posts