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VeritasKarishma
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The practice of drawing voting district boundaries on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering” and has consistently been held by the federal courts to be unconstitutional.

(A) on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering”
Correct

(B) is, based on how people vote, known as “gerrymandering”
Incorrect
1. the practice of drawing on how people are 'likely' to vote is the intended meaning which this option does not covey due to the lack of the word likely
2. Also based on how people vote within commas suggests an additional information that is not very necessary, whereas that should be essential as it is the main criteria on which the drawing is done, and the drawing on this basis only is called "gerrymandering"


same point 2 error as in B

Mona2019:
Point 1 is questionable but point 2 is correct. We don't need to worry about point 1 because of point 2.

Thank you for helping me out VeritasKarishma
Just one more question on the response.
why the omission of likely can not be considered as meaning change error.

If the second point was fixed and still likely was missing, will it not be an incorrect answer.

Posted from my mobile device
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Let's analyze the answers one by one.

A) on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering”
The use of " on the basis of something'' is correct, the meaning is fine.
the practice on the basis of something

Correct

(B) is, based on how people vote, known as “gerrymandering”
position of " based on " is wrong, cant be between verbs "is" and " known as"

(C) based upon how likely people are to vote is called “gerrymandering”
First,the use of "Based upon" instead of "based on" is little problematic, I guess and second, "how likely" changes the meaning, third, "Based on" is modifing wrong object, it should modify the practice not the boundries

D) is likely to be called “gerrymandering” when based on how people vote
Complete change of meaning!!! "is likely to be called" is the wrong use. Because , the certainty in the meaning is changing into the assumption

(E) is known, based on how people are likely to vote, as “gerrymandering”
again ," based on" is wrongly inserted into "known and as"

IMO: A
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Mona2019
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Mona2019
The practice of drawing voting district boundaries on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering” and has consistently been held by the federal courts to be unconstitutional.

(A) on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering”
Correct

(B) is, based on how people vote, known as “gerrymandering”
Incorrect
1. the practice of drawing on how people are 'likely' to vote is the intended meaning which this option does not covey due to the lack of the word likely
2. Also based on how people vote within commas suggests an additional information that is not very necessary, whereas that should be essential as it is the main criteria on which the drawing is done, and the drawing on this basis only is called "gerrymandering"


same point 2 error as in B

Mona2019:
Point 1 is questionable but point 2 is correct. We don't need to worry about point 1 because of point 2.

Thank you for helping me out VeritasKarishma
Just one more question on the response.
why the omission of likely can not be considered as meaning change error.

If the second point was fixed and still likely was missing, will it not be an incorrect answer.

Posted from my mobile device

You cannot say what the author wants to say - "this is how people vote" or "this is how people are likely to vote". He could be saying either. You need to look for options that have errors and remove them.
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To eliminate 4 wrong choices :

The practice of drawing voting district boundaries on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering” and has consistently been held by the federal courts to be unconstitutional.

(A) on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering”

(B) is, based on how people vote, known as “gerrymandering”
Based is ed modifier not placed next to noun it modifies "practise"
Also "based...." is in non-essential mod. Sentence loses meaning if removed.
Probability is removed (no likely)
Eliminate

(C) based upon how likely people are to vote is called “gerrymandering”
C is toughest to eliminate.
but 2 errors "People are likely to do something" and not "likely people do some thing"
likely needs to be placed as close to "to vote" as the adverb "to vote" modifies the adjective "likely"
are to has the same implication as will. sentence stands as likely people will vote
Eliminate
Additional info
based correctly reaches the head of the noun phrase in this case practise

(D) is likely to be called “gerrymandering” when based on how people vote
Meaning
Is likely to be called happens "at the same time as" the practise is based.
When can either start a relative clause in which case it mods period
OR
a subordinate clause (in this case reduced) in which case it modifies subject of nearest clause or the clause in which the reduced clause appears.
Both these do not apply in this case
Eliminate.

(E) is known, based on how people are likely to vote, as “gerrymandering”
Same as B.
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Let's go meaning this out .... how people are likely to vote democrat or republic will determine the outlining of boundaries. The elections a re a future event
(A) on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering” . HOLD

(B) is, based on how people vote, known as “gerrymandering” ---- THE PRACTICE IS KNOWN AS Y , this is the main clasue and is fine , however the non essential modifer should be an essential modifer , also how people vote changes the meaning to practice is based on a past event (how people voted) . Out

(C) based upon how likely people are to vote is called “gerrymandering” . Meaning changes to are people even likely to vote ? Out

(D) is likely to be called “gerrymandering” when based on how people vote . Is the process likely to be called or we already know about the process ? Out

(E) is known, based on how people are likely to vote, as “gerrymandering” . Meaning -- Practice is already known and and the knowing is based on how people are likely to vote. Also why is the additional description made non essential by including thenfo between two commas. Out

A seems the best
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Sajjad1994
The practice of drawing voting district boundaries on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering” and has consistently been held by the federal courts to be unconstitutional.

(A) on the basis of how people are likely to vote is known as “gerrymandering”

(B) is, based on how people vote, known as “gerrymandering”

(C) based upon how likely people are to vote is called “gerrymandering”

(D) is likely to be called “gerrymandering” when based on how people vote

(E) is known, based on how people are likely to vote, as “gerrymandering”

Source: Master GMAT


OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



The correct answer is (A).

The original version is correct. Choices (B) and (E) awkwardly split the grammatical element is known as. Choice (C) alters the meaning of the original sentence, suggesting that gerrymandering involves determining voting districts based on whether people vote rather than on how they vote. Choice (D) distorts the meaning of the word gerrymandering.
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