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Dropdown 1: 20th
Dropdown 2: more than 150%
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
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33% (02:50) correct
67%
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wrong
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The chart shows the percentage of the total population of Country X, measured at the end of each century, living in each of its four regions (Lowland, Highland, Coastal, and Desert). In each century, the population of every region increased compared with the prior century.
From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement based on the information given.
Country X’s total population had to increase by the greatest percentage from the previous century to the Century, when the total population had to increase by .
Attachment:
GMAT-Club-Forum-x8kdoala.png [ 26.78 KiB | Viewed 3085 times ]
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Official Answer
Dropdown 1: 20th
Dropdown 2: more than 150%
Official Solution:
To determine how much the total population had to increase from one century to the next, focus on the region whose share decreased the most. Since every region’s actual population increased, the smaller percentage in the next century still had to represent more people than the larger percentage in the previous century. For example, if a region’s share fell from 50% to 40%, then 40% of the new total had to be greater than 50% of the previous total.
• 17th to 18th Century: Desert fell from 50% to 40%. Suppose the total population in the 17th Century was 100, so Desert had 50 people. In the 18th Century, Desert’s population was more than 50 and represented 40% of the new total. For 40% of the new total to exceed 50, the new total must have been more than 125, implying an increase of more than 25%.
• 18th to 19th Century: Desert fell from 40% to 25%. If the 18th-Century total was 100, then Desert had 40 people. In the 19th Century, 25% of the new total had to exceed 40, so the new total had to be more than 160, which means an increase of more than 60%.
• 19th to 20th Century: Desert fell from 25% to 10%. If the 19th-Century total was 100, then Desert had 25 people. In the 20th Century, 10% of the new total had to exceed 25, so the new total had to be more than 250. Thus, the new total had to be more than 2.5 times the previous total, which corresponds to an increase of more than 150%.
Thus, Country X’s total population had to increase by the greatest percentage from the 19th Century to the 20th Century, when it had to increase by more than 150%.
Correct answer:
Dropdown 1: "20th"
Dropdown 2: "more than 150%"
I29-162
Bunuel
To determine how much the total population had to increase from one century to the next, focus on the region whose share decreased the most. Since every region’s actual population increased, the smaller percentage in the next century still had to represent more people than the larger percentage in the previous century. For example, if a region’s share fell from 50% to 40%, then 40% of the new total had to be greater than 50% of the previous total.
• 17th to 18th Century: Desert fell from 50% to 40%. Suppose the total population in the 17th Century was 100, so Desert had 50 people. In the 18th Century, Desert’s population was more than 50 and represented 40% of the new total. For 40% of the new total to exceed 50, the new total must have been more than 125, implying an increase of more than 25%.
• 18th to 19th Century: Desert fell from 40% to 25%. If the 18th-Century total was 100, then Desert had 40 people. In the 19th Century, 25% of the new total had to exceed 40, so the new total had to be more than 160, which means an increase of more than 60%.
• 19th to 20th Century: Desert fell from 25% to 10%. If the 19th-Century total was 100, then Desert had 25 people. In the 20th Century, 10% of the new total had to exceed 25, so the new total had to be more than 250. Thus, the new total had to be more than 2.5 times the previous total, which corresponds to an increase of more than 150%.
Thus, Country X’s total population had to increase by the greatest percentage from the 19th Century to the 20th Century, when it had to increase by more than 150%.
Correct answer:
Dropdown 1: "20th"
Dropdown 2: "more than 150%"
I29-162
General Discussion
19 Sep 2025, 07:00
Kudos
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The intuition is as follows: Suppose there are 100 people living in the 19th century. For example, 25 of them lived in the desert. In the 20th century, this group increased by an amount x. Although their total number grew, their percentage share fell to 10%. Thus, 25 + x now equals 10% of the total population. Therefore, the total population is 10 times (25 + x), which is greater than 250, representing an increase of more than 150%.
Hope this makes sense.
Hope this makes sense.
fugaquasi
