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Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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We talking here about prime numbers. Lets start with 11, divided by 18, the remainder is 11.
Next: 13 / 18 -> r=13
17/18 -> r = 17
19/18 -> r = 1
23/18 -> r = 5
29/18 -> r = 11 (again). We do not need to find all the prime numbers as GMAT does not require to make a lot of calculations. We can see that the distinct remainders will be 11, 13, 17, 1, 5.
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It is clear that generated number greater than 10 should be a prime number. When that prime number is divided by 18 , should give a distinct remainder. So lets start the number with 11. 11 will give 11 remainder ,so with 13 ,17. 19 Will give 1 remainder , 23 will give 5 remainder and 61 will give 7 remainder. These are only exhaustive list of distinct remainders.
Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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I selected C - 5.

Numbers that have no factor greater than one or less than the generated number must be prime. So the computer program generates prime numbers greater than 10. We know that remainders are cyclical, so I begun by listing all prime numbers greater than 10, dividing by 18, and counting the remainders:
11 / 18 -> R 7
13 / 18 -> R 5
17 / 18 -> R 1
19 / 18 -> R 1
23 / 18 -> R 5
29 / 18 -> R 11
31 / 18 -> R 13
37 / 18 -> R 1
41 / 18 -> R 5

This has 5 distinct values. I just don't know how to confirm that these are all of the possibilities, I had to stop due to time.
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The question asks the No. of distinct remainder from a generated No. which when divided by 18

Condition given the generated no. > 10 and it doesn't have p as a factor such that 1<p<Generated No.

the first no. >10 is 11 and 11 satisfies the condition, similarly 13 is next and then 17 and so on, however, 12,14,15 can't satisfies the condition because they have factor 2,3,5 respectively which violates the given condition. Hence we can see that the generated no. is prime.

The remainder which we get after dividing a no. with 18 is 0<=remainder<18 i.e from 0 to 17 inclusive. and remainders can't be even or multiple of 3 i.e 0,2,3,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16. except these there are 6 remaining remainders 1,5,7,11,13,17. For 11,13,and 17 we have already seen above, for remainder as 1, 19 is generated no., for remainder as 5-23 is generated no., for remainder as 7-43 is generated no. Hence option D is correct.
Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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1. Identify the generated numbers

The problem states that the program generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1<p< generated number.
By definition , an integer that has no factor other than 1 and itself is a prime number.
Therefore, the program is generating prime numbers greater than 10.

2. Determine possible Reminders
Let n be the number generated and r be the reminder

n= 18k +r
where 0 <r<18

For n to be prime , the reminder r can not share any factor with 18. If r and 18 shared a common factor (like 2 or 3 ) then n would also be divisible by that factor , meaning n would not be prime.

The prime factors of 18 are 2 and 3 ( 18 = 2 * 3^2)
Therefore r can not be divisible by 2 or 3

3. Candidates for r
Lets look all integers from 1 to 17 and eliminate those divisible by 2 or 3 :
2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16 and 3,9,15

The remaining possibilities for r are :
1,5,7,11,13,17

Hence there are 6 distinct reminders

Correct answer : D
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Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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So program generates primes > 10

11, 13,17, 19, 23 ...

and we take remainder when divided by 18 = 2*3^2

As primes and 18 will not have any common factors, remainder will be all numbers less than 18, which are not factor of 2 or 3

1, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17

So answer will be 6.
If u want to verify just list out numbers and try taking remainders.

Correct Answer: D
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Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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the randomly generated +ve int is a prime number >10
=> 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37 ... (they are of the form 6n+1 or 6n-1)
remainder
=> 11, 13, 17, 1, 7, 5, 7, 5
=> distinct remainders are 6
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generated number greater than 10 but no factors greater than 1 will be prime numbers.
listing: {11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47}
checking with divisor 18, for how many getting unique remainders -> {11, 13, 17, 1, 5, 11, 13, 1, 5, 7, 11} -> hence 6 unique

other way is to look for co-primes of 18 -> 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17
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Firstly the condition is mentioned that there is a number such that there is no factors other than 1 and itself and we now know that it is prime number. To find the distinct remainder such that number >10 and that can 1,5,7,11,13,17. So answer is 6.
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Ans: D.
Any prime greater than 10 is not divisible by 2 or 3
Since 18= 2x3^2, a prime >3 must be a coprime to 18
So numbers will be less than 18 and prime numbers.
Which is: 1 5 7 11 13 17
6 integers
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Numbers that have no factor p such that 1 < p < number - This means that the generated number has no other factor than 1 and the number itself. In other words, these are prime numbers.

Consider prime numbers greater than 10
11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79 83 89 97...
Dividing by 18 leaves remainder repectively
11 13 17 1 5 11 13 1 5 7 11 17 5 7 13 17 1 7 11 17 7...

Taking distinct numbers 1 5 7 11 13 17
We have a total of 6 numbers which satusfy the condition
Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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The computer program generates prime numbers greater than 10 and divides it by 18. Maximum number of remainders when numbers are divided by 18 is 17.

Let's list a few primes greater than 10:
11 - 11/18 - remainder is 11
13 - 13/18 - remainder is 13
17 - 17/18 - remainder is 17
19 - 19/18 - remainder is 1
23 - 23/18 - remainder is 5
29 - 29/18 - remainder is 11
31 - 31/18 - remainder is 13
37 - 37/18 - remainder is 1
41 - 41/18 - remainder is 5
43 - 43/18 - remainder is 7
47 - 47/18 - remainder is 11

All the primes will have one of these remainders when divided by 18.

So the number of distinct remainders is 6 - 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17

Answer is D.
Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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answer is 6 we need to list prime numbers from 10-99 and then find the remainder when divided by 18. the remainder will be 11,13,17,1,5,7
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So when question says that number should be 1 < p < generated number, where number can't have any factor(p), it basically means that generated number is prime number.

So now question is : generated number(which will be prime number) when divided by 18 leaves how many distinct reminder ?

We know when divided by 18 we can get reminder from 0 to 17

So dividing prime number ( for ex - 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 43) leaves us with 6 different reminders.

So answer is D
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Focusing just on Prime numbers>10, you get 11,13,17 & 19 . and so on... i.e. remainders of 1,3,7,9...
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A prime number can be written in the form 6K+1 or 6K-1, but all numbers of the form 6K+1 or 6K-1 are not prime numbers, hence, the value obtained must be checked before proceeding. We also know that prime factorization of 18 is 2*3^2.
Using the remainder rules, Rem(6K+1/18) = (rem(6K)+rem(1))/18 and Rem(6K-1/18)
Possible remainders of 6K/18 = 6, 12, 0
Taking K = 3
18+1 = 19 : Prime number => Remainder = 1
18-1 = 17 : Prime number => Remainder = 17

Taking K = 2
12 + 1 = 13 : Prime number => Remainder = 13
12-1 = 11 : Prime Number => Remainder = 11

Taking K = 7
42+1 = 43 : Prime number => Remainder = 7
42-1 = 41 : Prime number => Remainder = 5

The possible remainders are {1,5,7,11,13,17}. It can also be seen between 1 and 18, these are the only numbers that cannot be divisible by 2 or 3.
There are a total of 6 factors.

Answer D

Bunuel
A computer program randomly generates positive integers greater than 10 that have no factor p such that 1 < p < the generated number. Each time a number is generated, the program divides it by 18 and records the remainder. How many distinct remainders could the program possibly record?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 9

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1<p<number
so generated no. are prime numbers greater than 10.
0=no
1=yes
2 even=no
3multiple of3-no
4even=no
5=yes
6multiple of 3=no
7=yes
8even=no
9multiple of 3=no
10even=no
11=yes
12multiple of 3=no
13=yes
14even=no
15 multiple of 3=no
16even=no
17=yes

so =6
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