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07 Jan 2024, 14:59
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The coastal ocean is a bustling ecosystem supporting various human activities, including fishing, energy development, and conservation. Historically, governance has focused on individual activities and species, leading to negative cumulative impacts on ocean ecosystems, such as coral reef decline and species collapses. Conflicts between different ocean and coastal uses, such as scenic views versus wind turbines or conservation versus fishing, have also emerged, prompting the need for ecosystem-based management efforts like ocean planning.
Ocean planning based on ecological principles considers the spatial distribution of species, habitats, and ecological communities. However, current planning lacks a central focus on species redistributions due to climate change, despite calls for its inclusion. Incorporating long-term change into multi-sector ocean plans has been hindered by uncertainty and trade-offs. Revising ocean plans periodically could enable climate adaptation, but this is challenging due to negotiations among stakeholders and long-term legal agreements related to offshore activities.
Alternatively, ocean plans could be initially designed to address climate change impacts, but the effectiveness of such planning remains unclear. One approach for climate adaptation is to create networks of management areas that can act as stepping-stones for shifting species. However, the extent to which these networks can aid in climate adaptation has not been quantified.
To study these issues, researchers examined nine regions on North America's continental shelves where ocean planning efforts are underway. They simulated the multi-sector ocean planning process for conservation, fishing, and energy development zones within each region. Conservation zones aimed to protect at least 10% of locations with occurrences of each species in a region, following the Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11. Fishery zones included locations with at least 50% of the biomass of the top 10 fishery species in each region, while energy zones accounted for at least 20% of wind and wave energy resources, aligning with clean energy goals.
Which of the following best describes the primary focus of the research conducted in the nine regions on North America's continental shelves?
A. Analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reefs.
B. Identifying conflicts between energy development and conservation.
C. Studying the effectiveness of periodic revisions in ocean planning.
D. Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors.
E. Investigating the potential for wind and wave energy capture.
Ocean planning based on ecological principles considers the spatial distribution of species, habitats, and ecological communities. However, current planning lacks a central focus on species redistributions due to climate change, despite calls for its inclusion. Incorporating long-term change into multi-sector ocean plans has been hindered by uncertainty and trade-offs. Revising ocean plans periodically could enable climate adaptation, but this is challenging due to negotiations among stakeholders and long-term legal agreements related to offshore activities.
Alternatively, ocean plans could be initially designed to address climate change impacts, but the effectiveness of such planning remains unclear. One approach for climate adaptation is to create networks of management areas that can act as stepping-stones for shifting species. However, the extent to which these networks can aid in climate adaptation has not been quantified.
To study these issues, researchers examined nine regions on North America's continental shelves where ocean planning efforts are underway. They simulated the multi-sector ocean planning process for conservation, fishing, and energy development zones within each region. Conservation zones aimed to protect at least 10% of locations with occurrences of each species in a region, following the Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11. Fishery zones included locations with at least 50% of the biomass of the top 10 fishery species in each region, while energy zones accounted for at least 20% of wind and wave energy resources, aligning with clean energy goals.
Which of the following best describes the primary focus of the research conducted in the nine regions on North America's continental shelves?
A. Analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reefs.
B. Identifying conflicts between energy development and conservation.
C. Studying the effectiveness of periodic revisions in ocean planning.
D. Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors.
E. Investigating the potential for wind and wave energy capture.
07 Jan 2024, 14:59
Kudos
Bookmarks
Official Solution:
The coastal ocean is a bustling ecosystem supporting various human activities, including fishing, energy development, and conservation. Historically, governance has focused on individual activities and species, leading to negative cumulative impacts on ocean ecosystems, such as coral reef decline and species collapses. Conflicts between different ocean and coastal uses, such as scenic views versus wind turbines or conservation versus fishing, have also emerged, prompting the need for ecosystem-based management efforts like ocean planning.
Ocean planning based on ecological principles considers the spatial distribution of species, habitats, and ecological communities. However, current planning lacks a central focus on species redistributions due to climate change, despite calls for its inclusion. Incorporating long-term change into multi-sector ocean plans has been hindered by uncertainty and trade-offs. Revising ocean plans periodically could enable climate adaptation, but this is challenging due to negotiations among stakeholders and long-term legal agreements related to offshore activities.
Alternatively, ocean plans could be initially designed to address climate change impacts, but the effectiveness of such planning remains unclear. One approach for climate adaptation is to create networks of management areas that can act as stepping-stones for shifting species. However, the extent to which these networks can aid in climate adaptation has not been quantified.
To study these issues, researchers examined nine regions on North America's continental shelves where ocean planning efforts are underway. They simulated the multi-sector ocean planning process for conservation, fishing, and energy development zones within each region. Conservation zones aimed to protect at least 10% of locations with occurrences of each species in a region, following the Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11. Fishery zones included locations with at least 50% of the biomass of the top 10 fishery species in each region, while energy zones accounted for at least 20% of wind and wave energy resources, aligning with clean energy goals.
Which of the following best describes the primary focus of the research conducted in the nine regions on North America's continental shelves?
A. Analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reefs.
B. Identifying conflicts between energy development and conservation.
C. Studying the effectiveness of periodic revisions in ocean planning.
D. Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors.
E. Investigating the potential for wind and wave energy capture.
A) Analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reefs.
B) Identifying conflicts between energy development and conservation.
C) Studying the effectiveness of periodic revisions in ocean planning.
D) Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors.
E) Investigating the potential for wind and wave energy capture.
Answer: D
The coastal ocean is a bustling ecosystem supporting various human activities, including fishing, energy development, and conservation. Historically, governance has focused on individual activities and species, leading to negative cumulative impacts on ocean ecosystems, such as coral reef decline and species collapses. Conflicts between different ocean and coastal uses, such as scenic views versus wind turbines or conservation versus fishing, have also emerged, prompting the need for ecosystem-based management efforts like ocean planning.
Ocean planning based on ecological principles considers the spatial distribution of species, habitats, and ecological communities. However, current planning lacks a central focus on species redistributions due to climate change, despite calls for its inclusion. Incorporating long-term change into multi-sector ocean plans has been hindered by uncertainty and trade-offs. Revising ocean plans periodically could enable climate adaptation, but this is challenging due to negotiations among stakeholders and long-term legal agreements related to offshore activities.
Alternatively, ocean plans could be initially designed to address climate change impacts, but the effectiveness of such planning remains unclear. One approach for climate adaptation is to create networks of management areas that can act as stepping-stones for shifting species. However, the extent to which these networks can aid in climate adaptation has not been quantified.
To study these issues, researchers examined nine regions on North America's continental shelves where ocean planning efforts are underway. They simulated the multi-sector ocean planning process for conservation, fishing, and energy development zones within each region. Conservation zones aimed to protect at least 10% of locations with occurrences of each species in a region, following the Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11. Fishery zones included locations with at least 50% of the biomass of the top 10 fishery species in each region, while energy zones accounted for at least 20% of wind and wave energy resources, aligning with clean energy goals.
Which of the following best describes the primary focus of the research conducted in the nine regions on North America's continental shelves?
A. Analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reefs.
B. Identifying conflicts between energy development and conservation.
C. Studying the effectiveness of periodic revisions in ocean planning.
D. Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors.
E. Investigating the potential for wind and wave energy capture.
A) Analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reefs.
- Incorrect: The passage does not focus on analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reefs specifically. Instead, it discusses the broader topic of ocean planning considering various human activities and ecological factors.
B) Identifying conflicts between energy development and conservation.
- Incorrect: While the passage mentions conflicts between different ocean uses, such as energy development and conservation, it does not indicate that the primary focus of the research was to identify these conflicts. The research is more about the overall planning process.
C) Studying the effectiveness of periodic revisions in ocean planning.
- Incorrect: The passage mentions revising ocean plans periodically as a way to enable climate adaptation, but it does not state that studying the effectiveness of these revisions was the primary focus of the research in the nine regions.
D) Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors.
- Correct: The research conducted in the nine regions on North America's continental shelves is described as simulating the multi-sector ocean planning process. This process includes considerations for conservation, fishing, and energy development, aligning with the description in option D.
E) Investigating the potential for wind and wave energy capture.
- Incorrect: Although the passage mentions that energy zones accounted for wind and wave energy resources, it does not suggest that investigating the potential for energy capture was the primary focus of the research.
Answer: D
20 Jan 2024, 10:45
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Studying the effectiveness of periodic revisions in ocean planning-
I want help to understand why this would be wrong.
the paragraph starts with "To study these issues" and the issues highlighted in the previous paragraph are problems with periodic revisions in ocean planning.
"Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors" seems to be a process in this study. The focus of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of periodic revisions...
I want help to understand why this would be wrong.
the paragraph starts with "To study these issues" and the issues highlighted in the previous paragraph are problems with periodic revisions in ocean planning.
"Simulating the ocean planning process for various sectors" seems to be a process in this study. The focus of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of periodic revisions...
