Verb-ing Modifier

I am having confusion in verb-ing modifier used to modify an action
1. Verb-ing modifier modifying a verb action
This is done in 2 forms:
1. Describe
2. Result

Eg: Some species of trees possess apt characteristics such as small leaves, making them appropriate for the compact visual scope.
Here in my opinion it is a result. cause: possess Effect: making them appropriate for the compact visual scope

So why is this sentence wrong?

2. Ver-ing modifier modifying to + verb action

So firstly if there is a sentence that have both 'verb' as well as 'to + verb' then I find it difficult to identify what is modifier modifying?
Eg: The printed instructions require users to dilute essential oils before application on the children, minimizing the possible health hazards.
Here users is the doer for 'to dilute' action, but how is the user doer for minimizing. It must be the the dilution that minimize.

So is there any trick to find out the modifying action?

Thanks in advance.