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Question 1
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
85%
(hard)
Question Stats:
43% (03:01) correct
57%
(03:18) wrong
based on 1137
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
90% (00:46) correct 10%
(01:00) wrong
based on 1046
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 3
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
37% (01:55) correct 63%
(01:51) wrong
based on 1014
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
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Hurricane forecasters have difficulty determining maximum sustained surface-level winds. Reconnaissance aircraft usually obtain data from a flight level of 10,000 feet. However, in 1997, reconnaissance aircraft began deploying dropwindsondes in hurricanes. These weather instruments, carrying global positioning systems and affixed to parachutes, acquire detailed data from flight level down to surface level. Near the eyewall—the ring of towering thunderstorms surrounding a hurricane's eye—the strongest winds are usually found at around 1,600 feet, about 20 percent stronger than at flight level. In the hurricanes' outer reaches, however, wind maximums are typically found at higher elevations. The data also show that, near the eyewall, winds on top of a thirty-story building average about twenty miles per hour stronger than at ground level. Given the collective dropwindsonde data, forecasters typically estimate eyewall surface-level winds at about 90 percent of flight-level winds, with surface-level winds in the outer reaches at about 78 percent.
Hurricane Mitch in 1998, however, exhibited maximum flight-level winds no stronger than 150 miles per hour, yet dropwindsondes indicated much stronger surface-level winds. In this case, Mitch appeared to be weakening from the top down; the circulation at flight levels was decreasing but had yet to decrease at surface levels. This storm is a reminder that the typical estimates often need modification based on certain real-time factors, especially convective (warm-air updraft) intensity and sea-surface temperature.
Hurricane Mitch in 1998, however, exhibited maximum flight-level winds no stronger than 150 miles per hour, yet dropwindsondes indicated much stronger surface-level winds. In this case, Mitch appeared to be weakening from the top down; the circulation at flight levels was decreasing but had yet to decrease at surface levels. This storm is a reminder that the typical estimates often need modification based on certain real-time factors, especially convective (warm-air updraft) intensity and sea-surface temperature.
1. The passage most strongly suggests that circulation in hurricanes
A. weakens at the eyewall before it begins to weaken in the outer reaches of a storm
B. near the outer reaches is typically strongest at elevations above the usual flight level of reconnaissance aircraft
C. is typically the same from flight level down to surface level before the hurricane begins to weaken
D. is usually faster at flight level than it is at surface level after a storm has begun to weaken
E. will not increase if sea-surface temperatures remain constant
A. weakens at the eyewall before it begins to weaken in the outer reaches of a storm
B. near the outer reaches is typically strongest at elevations above the usual flight level of reconnaissance aircraft
C. is typically the same from flight level down to surface level before the hurricane begins to weaken
D. is usually faster at flight level than it is at surface level after a storm has begun to weaken
E. will not increase if sea-surface temperatures remain constant
2. The passage is primarily concerned with
A. describing various competing methods by which hurricane forecasters judge the accuracy of typical estimates of surface-level wind speeds
B. describing a method forecasters use to estimate surface-level wind speeds in hurricanes, while emphasizing that these estimates will sometimes require revision
C. explaining why it is that wind speeds vary according to altitude and position relative to the eyewall within a hurricane
D. explaining why advances in real-time data collection have precluded the need to estimate surface-level wind speeds in hurricanes
E. arguing that forecasters' estimates of surface-level wind speeds in hurricanes tend to be accurate despite the limitations of data collected from reconnaissance aircraft
A. describing various competing methods by which hurricane forecasters judge the accuracy of typical estimates of surface-level wind speeds
B. describing a method forecasters use to estimate surface-level wind speeds in hurricanes, while emphasizing that these estimates will sometimes require revision
C. explaining why it is that wind speeds vary according to altitude and position relative to the eyewall within a hurricane
D. explaining why advances in real-time data collection have precluded the need to estimate surface-level wind speeds in hurricanes
E. arguing that forecasters' estimates of surface-level wind speeds in hurricanes tend to be accurate despite the limitations of data collected from reconnaissance aircraft
3. Suppose that the windows on the top floor of a thirty-story building will shatter in 200 mile-per- hour winds. Under which of the following circumstances does the passage suggest that the windows would be most likely to break?
A. The building is in the outer reaches of a hurricane when surface-level winds reach 180 miles per hour.
B. The building is in the outer reaches of a hurricane when flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour.
C. The building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when surface-level winds reach 150 miles per hour.
D. The building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour.
E. The building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when winds at 1,600 feet reach 200 miles per hour.
A. The building is in the outer reaches of a hurricane when surface-level winds reach 180 miles per hour.
B. The building is in the outer reaches of a hurricane when flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour.
C. The building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when surface-level winds reach 150 miles per hour.
D. The building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour.
E. The building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when winds at 1,600 feet reach 200 miles per hour.
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22 Apr 2024, 11:54
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Q3:
Answer D is correct because it describes a scenario where the building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour. According to the passage, near the eyewall, winds on top of a thirty-story building average about twenty miles per hour stronger than at ground level. This means that if flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour, the winds on top of the thirty-story building would be even stronger, potentially exceeding the threshold of 200 miles per hour required to shatter the windows.
Answer A is not the best choice because it describes a scenario where the building is in the outer reaches of a hurricane when surface-level winds reach 180 miles per hour. However, the passage states that in the outer reaches, wind maximums are typically found at higher elevations, so the wind speed at the top of the thirty-story building may not necessarily reach 200 miles per hour, the threshold for window breakage.
In summary, answer D is more likely to result in window breakage because it describes a scenario where the building is in the eyewall of a hurricane with stronger flight-level winds, which would translate to even stronger winds at the top of the building.
Q1
Let's break down each option and why they are incorrect:
A. The passage does not explicitly state that circulation weakens at the eyewall before weakening in the outer reaches. In fact, it mentions that near the eyewall, the strongest winds are usually found at around 1,600 feet, which suggests that the circulation might weaken at different rates in different parts of the hurricane.
B. While the passage does mention that wind maximums are typically found at higher elevations in the outer reaches of a hurricane, it does not explicitly state that this is above the usual flight level of reconnaissance aircraft. Also, this option doesn't address the comparison between flight level and surface level winds, which is the main focus of the passage.
C. The passage states that near the eyewall, winds on top of a thirty-story building average about twenty miles per hour stronger than at ground level, suggesting that circulation is not typically the same from flight level down to surface level. Additionally, the passage mentions that the strongest winds near the eyewall are typically found at around 1,600 feet, not at surface level.
D. This is the correct answer because the passage mentions that in Hurricane Mitch, the circulation at flight levels was decreasing but had yet to decrease at surface levels. This indicates that circulation is usually faster at flight level than it is at surface level after a storm has begun to weaken.
E. The passage does not directly address whether circulation will increase or not based on sea-surface temperatures. It mainly focuses on the difference in wind speeds at different elevations within a hurricane and how that affects forecasting.
So, option D is correct because it directly addresses the situation described in the passage, where circulation at flight levels was decreasing but had yet to decrease at surface levels in Hurricane Mitch.
Note : credit to chat gpt
Answer D is correct because it describes a scenario where the building is in the eyewall of a hurricane when flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour. According to the passage, near the eyewall, winds on top of a thirty-story building average about twenty miles per hour stronger than at ground level. This means that if flight-level winds reach 200 miles per hour, the winds on top of the thirty-story building would be even stronger, potentially exceeding the threshold of 200 miles per hour required to shatter the windows.
Answer A is not the best choice because it describes a scenario where the building is in the outer reaches of a hurricane when surface-level winds reach 180 miles per hour. However, the passage states that in the outer reaches, wind maximums are typically found at higher elevations, so the wind speed at the top of the thirty-story building may not necessarily reach 200 miles per hour, the threshold for window breakage.
In summary, answer D is more likely to result in window breakage because it describes a scenario where the building is in the eyewall of a hurricane with stronger flight-level winds, which would translate to even stronger winds at the top of the building.
Q1
Let's break down each option and why they are incorrect:
A. The passage does not explicitly state that circulation weakens at the eyewall before weakening in the outer reaches. In fact, it mentions that near the eyewall, the strongest winds are usually found at around 1,600 feet, which suggests that the circulation might weaken at different rates in different parts of the hurricane.
B. While the passage does mention that wind maximums are typically found at higher elevations in the outer reaches of a hurricane, it does not explicitly state that this is above the usual flight level of reconnaissance aircraft. Also, this option doesn't address the comparison between flight level and surface level winds, which is the main focus of the passage.
C. The passage states that near the eyewall, winds on top of a thirty-story building average about twenty miles per hour stronger than at ground level, suggesting that circulation is not typically the same from flight level down to surface level. Additionally, the passage mentions that the strongest winds near the eyewall are typically found at around 1,600 feet, not at surface level.
D. This is the correct answer because the passage mentions that in Hurricane Mitch, the circulation at flight levels was decreasing but had yet to decrease at surface levels. This indicates that circulation is usually faster at flight level than it is at surface level after a storm has begun to weaken.
E. The passage does not directly address whether circulation will increase or not based on sea-surface temperatures. It mainly focuses on the difference in wind speeds at different elevations within a hurricane and how that affects forecasting.
So, option D is correct because it directly addresses the situation described in the passage, where circulation at flight levels was decreasing but had yet to decrease at surface levels in Hurricane Mitch.
Note : credit to chat gpt
11 May 2024, 07:23
Kudos
Bookmarks
Q3 can be answered by referring to the below lines in the passage:
The other choices lead to lesser speeds or there is not enough info in the choices to arrive at a conclusive speed value wrt to the problem.
Quote:
Quote:
Choice D: Flight level speed = 200 mph, thus surface level speed at eye wall = 90% of 200 = 180 mph. Finally, speed at top of the building = 180 + 20 = 200 mph. Thus windows will break.
The other choices lead to lesser speeds or there is not enough info in the choices to arrive at a conclusive speed value wrt to the problem.
