ExpertsGlobal5
The name diamond arises from a Greek root of Adamas, meaning unconquerable and indestructible. Diamonds have been a source of fascination for centuries. They are the hardest and most brilliant of all precious stones and have, throughout history, been a symbol of status, power, wealth, love, spirit, and magical power. All over the world, diamonds have been sought, fought over, worshipped, and used to cast love spells. Throughout history, they have been portrayed as magical objects of desire, protecting the wearer from harm, bringing good luck, embodying celestial spirits, and endowing the wearer with charm and the ability to attract others.
Diamonds held a special allure for royalty in ancient times, with monarchs and their cohorts competing with one another for possession of renowned gems, often using them as instruments of dominance. Until the fifth century, only kings wore diamonds as the stones were considered a symbol of strength and courage. Some kings went into battle wearing heavy leather breast plates studded with diamonds and other precious stones, as it was believed that diamonds were fragments of stars and the teardrops of the gods, and thus the wearer was imbued with supernatural powers.
During the Middle Ages (fifth to the fifteenth century), more attention was paid to the value of diamonds, rather than the mystical powers surrounding them. Due to the heightened public awareness of the value of diamonds, diamond mine owners perpetuated myths that the stones were poisonous, intending to prevent the mineworkers from swallowing the diamonds in an attempt to smuggle them out of the mines. The popularity of diamonds surged during the Middle Ages, with the discovery of many large and famous stones, such as the Koh-i-Noor and the Blue Hope.
Over the last few centuries, diamonds have been associated with romance and have developed a unique status as the ultimate gift of love. It wasn't until 1477, when Archduke Maximilian of Austria gave a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy, that the engagement ring was introduced. At that time, diamonds were considered talismans or charms that could enhance the love of a husband for a wife. From this time forward, the royal tradition of giving an engagement ring began to be embraced by people around the world. Placing the ring on the third finger of the left-hand dates back to the early Egyptian belief that the vena armors, a vein of love, runs directly from the heart to the tip of the third finger.
1. Which of the following most accurately states the main idea of the passage?
A. The popularity of diamonds has risen steadily since ancient times.
B. The origin of several traditions existing today lies in their association with diamonds.
C. People's perception of diamonds has evolved over the centuries.
D. Diamonds have enthralled people over centuries for a variety of reasons.
E. Diamonds have earned the reputation of being the ultimate gift of love.
2. The third paragraph suggests which of the following about diamonds in the Middle Ages?
A. In the Middle Ages, heightened public awareness of diamonds caused mining of large diamonds.
B. Prior to the Middle Ages, diamonds were not considered poisonous.
C. By the Middle Ages, diamonds had completely lost their status as a source of mystical powers.
D. The mining of diamonds reached its peak in the Middle Ages.
E. People in the Middle Ages were more aware of the value of diamonds than people in earlier times were.
3. The passage mentions examples of each of the following perceptions about diamonds EXCEPT
A. Diamonds, owing to their preciousness, defined the status of one's superiority.
B. Diamonds, being the hardest stones, cannot be destroyed.
C. Diamonds, when exchanged in a marital ceremony, symbolized marital bliss.
D. Diamonds, when worn on one’s body, made the wearer stronger.
E. Diamonds, being a symbol of status, enhanced the owner's social standing.
Mind-map
To mention that diamonds have been a source of fascination for centuries (Paragraph 1)
To indicate that, in ancient times, diamonds held a special allure for royalty (Paragraph 2)
To describe that, during the Middle Ages, the popularity of diamonds surged (Paragraph 3)
To discuss that, in the recent centuries, diamonds have developed a unique status as the ultimate gift of love (Paragraph 4)
= = = = = = = = = =
1. Which of the following most accurately states the main idea of the passage? a. The popularity of diamonds has risen steadily since ancient times.b. The origin of several traditions existing today lies in their association with diamonds.c. People's perception of diamonds has evolved over the centuries.d. Diamonds have enthralled people over centuries for a variety of reasons.e. Diamonds have earned the reputation of being the ultimate gift of love. Question Type: Structure D is the best choice.
2. The third paragraph suggests which of the following about diamonds in the Middle Ages? a. In the Middle Ages, heightened public awareness of diamonds caused mining of large diamonds.b. Prior to the Middle Ages, diamonds were not considered poisonous.c. By the Middle Ages, diamonds had completely lost their status as a source of mystical powers.d. The mining of diamonds reached its peak in the Middle Ages.e. People in the Middle Ages were more aware of the value of diamonds than people in earlier times were. Question Type: Inference E is the best choice.
3. The passage mentions examples of each of the following perceptions about diamonds EXCEPT
a. Diamonds, owing to their preciousness, defined the status of one's superiority.b. Diamonds, being the hardest stones, cannot be destroyed.c. Diamonds, when exchanged in a marital ceremony, symbolized marital bliss.d. Diamonds, when worn on one’s body, made the wearer stronger.e. Diamonds, being a symbol of status, enhanced the owner's social standing. Question Type: Fact B is the best choice.