Events & Promotions
|
|
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.
Customized
for You
Track
Your Progress
Practice
Pays
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
May 0808:00 PM PDT
-09:00 PM PDT
Free- full-length test + 15 concept videos + 150+ short videos + study plan!
May 0912:30 AM EDT
-01:30 AM EDT
Struggling to find the right strategies to score a 99 %ile on GMAT Focus? Riya (GMAT 715) boosted her score by 100-points in just 15 days! Discover how the right mentorship, tailored strategies, and an unwavering mindset can transform your GMAT prep.
May 0808:00 AM PDT
-08:30 AM PDT
Join the special YouTube live-stream for selecting the winners of GMAT Club MBA Scholarships sponsored by Juno live. Watch who gets these coveted MBA scholarships offered by GMAT Club and Juno.
May 1001:00 AM EDT
-02:00 AM EDT
Stuck at the same GMAT score? Plateaus aren’t about effort—they’re about approach. Watch Srikar’s journey to uncover what truly drives score improvement—and how you can apply it to break your plateau.- May 15
06:00 PM PDT
-07:00 PM PDT
Start your free trial!
13 Nov 2021, 23:54
Kudos
Bookmarks
C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
78% (01:39) correct
22%
(01:35)
wrong
based on 147
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
To the chagrin of those who favor nurture over nature as the origin of human behavior, none of the studies on poverty explain why some of the people who
grew up in poverty can escape it, while so many others who do cannot.
A) while so many others who do cannot
B) while so many other people who did so do not
C) while so many others who did cannot
D) although so many people who did were not able to
E) although a great many people were not able to
13 Nov 2021, 23:56
Kudos
Bookmarks
OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
THE PROMPT
The contrast in this sentence is between
(1)"some of the people who grew up in poverty" who "can escape it,"
and
(2) the "many others who do" [grow up in poverty] and "[who] cannot" escape it.
(Yes. A verb problem exists. Read analysis under option A.)
• Some form of to do—such as do, did, or does—can stand in for almost any verb in English, with two crucial exceptions.
Because the word do, does, or did stands in for another verb, we call it a "pro-verb."
See Notes, below.
The two exceptions are important.
• DO SO vs. DO IT
In the same way that do can substitute for almost any verb in English, the word SO can substitute for almost any verb phrase.
The word so "captures," shortens, and stands in for the verb phrase.
→ the original verb and verb phrase are replaced by DO SO (or did so, or does so) in the second mention
→ The verb phrase in this sentence is grew up in poverty.
We change the verb to did and the rest to so.
verb = grew up = did
phrase = in poverty = so
The words "do it" are not nearly as versatile as the words "do so."
We can use do it as a substitute for the verb phrase only if the first verb is a "to do" verb with an object.
Watch:
DO IT or DID IT are allowed only if the first verb is a to do verb.
-- DO/DID IT will usually stand in for a verb + an object.
Sabrina and Tess did the biology experiment. John and Daniel did it, too.
Here's a little pattern:
→ Do so? Frequently correct. (Do not use with to be verbs; do not use when have is an auxiliary, such as in have eaten. See Notes, below.))
→ Do it? Rarely correct. (Use only when the original verb is a to do verb; it refers to the noun, the object, of do, such as do homework: Did you do it?
→ Do that? Never.
THE OPTIONS
The original verb in the clause that describes the first group of people is past tense grew up.
The second group of people also grew up in poverty, past tense.
We need to compare similar groups of people to maintain a logical comparison.
The verb in option A should be did.
The verbs in the relative clauses (the who-clauses) are not parallel.
Eliminate A
→ What is the parallel counterpart to people who can [escape poverty]?
People who cannot escape poverty.
Not people who do not escape poverty.
You may think that there is little difference between the two.
Especially in this loaded sentence written by what sounds like a blinkered neoconservative at best, can escape and do escape are not the same thing,
a fact upon which Crytiocanalyst picked up.
If you are worried or unsure, keep it and look for a better answer. Just keep moving.
Eliminate B
→ did is parallel to grew up
→ cannot is parallel to can
KEEP
The parallel contrast of can escape poverty is cannot [escape poverty].
Were not able to is not parallel to can.
If in doubt, compare to option C, in which can is contrasted squarely with cannot.
• Although?
zhanbo , I like the analysis and think it might have held true a decade ago, maybe even five years ago.
Now, I would leave the issue alone.
More and more, although and while are treated as synonyms, although technically the first is called a concession conjunction and the second is called a comparison conjunction.
Do not worry about this jargon.
I highly doubt that all else being equal, GMAC would put you in a position in which while were pitted against although.
I would not eliminate this option or option E on the basis of the word although in place of while.
You might use that difference as a tiebreaker; I doubt that you would ever have to do so.
→ same problem as that in option D
• the absence of some phrase similar to or a substitution for who grew up in poverty creates meaning gaps.
A native speaker would pick up the elision (omission of words), in which "grew up in poverty" is implied from context, but this sentence is kind of a hot mess.
This option is certainly not as good as option C.
The answer is C.
NOTES
I have written two longer posts that cover do, do so, do it, and similar matters, including ellipsis and substitution.
If you click here, you can read a thorough post about these issues that is attached to an UNofficial question.
If you click here, you can read an even more in depth post about the pro-verb do, ellipsis, and substitution.
That post is attached to an official question.
Let's try a little review here, too.
Although do is very versatile and can stand in for almost any verb,, there are two big exceptions to the "do can stand in for almost any verb" guideline.
A TO DO verb cannot substitute for
-- TO BE verbs, or
-- HAVE, if HAVE is an auxiliary verb.
If have means own, possess, or experience, then have is a "main" verb and can be replaced with do, does, or did.
• TO DO verbs cannot substitute for TO BE verbs
Wrong: She was hungry and he did, too.
Correct: She was hungry and he was [hungry], too.
• TO DO verbs cannot substitute for HAVE when HAVE is a helping/auxiliary verb
Wrong: He had finished his wine and I did, too.
Correct: He had finished his wine and I had, too.
• TO DO verbs can substitute for HAVE when HAVE is a main verb that means own, possess, or experience.
Correct: Artem has ten pennies and Misha has ten pennies.
Correct: Artem has ten pennies and Misha does, too.
Correct: Artem has ten pennies just as Misha does.
does = has [ten pennies]
Correct (did can substitute for main verb had (meaning "to possess")):
Artem had ten pennies and Misha had ten pennies.
Artem had ten pennies and Misha did, too.
Artem had ten pennies just as Misha did.
did = had [ten pennies]
The answer is C.
COMMENTS
Each of these answers is thoughtful and well-written in its own way.
My stalwart veterans -- its always good to see you and your clear analysis.
Kudos to all.
Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC1)
THE PROMPT
Quote:
• Highlights
The contrast in this sentence is between
(1)"some of the people who grew up in poverty" who "can escape it,"
and
(2) the "many others who do" [grow up in poverty] and "[who] cannot" escape it.
(Yes. A verb problem exists. Read analysis under option A.)
• Some form of to do—such as do, did, or does—can stand in for almost any verb in English, with two crucial exceptions.
Because the word do, does, or did stands in for another verb, we call it a "pro-verb."
See Notes, below.
The two exceptions are important.
• DO SO vs. DO IT
In the same way that do can substitute for almost any verb in English, the word SO can substitute for almost any verb phrase.
The word so "captures," shortens, and stands in for the verb phrase.
→ the original verb and verb phrase are replaced by DO SO (or did so, or does so) in the second mention
→ The verb phrase in this sentence is grew up in poverty.
We change the verb to did and the rest to so.
verb = grew up = did
phrase = in poverty = so
The words "do it" are not nearly as versatile as the words "do so."
We can use do it as a substitute for the verb phrase only if the first verb is a "to do" verb with an object.
Watch:
DO IT or DID IT are allowed only if the first verb is a to do verb.
-- DO/DID IT will usually stand in for a verb + an object.
Sabrina and Tess did the biology experiment. John and Daniel did it, too.
Here's a little pattern:
→ Do so? Frequently correct. (Do not use with to be verbs; do not use when have is an auxiliary, such as in have eaten. See Notes, below.))
→ Do it? Rarely correct. (Use only when the original verb is a to do verb; it refers to the noun, the object, of do, such as do homework: Did you do it?
→ Do that? Never.
THE OPTIONS
Quote:
• parallelism error
The original verb in the clause that describes the first group of people is past tense grew up.
The second group of people also grew up in poverty, past tense.
We need to compare similar groups of people to maintain a logical comparison.
The verb in option A should be did.
The verbs in the relative clauses (the who-clauses) are not parallel.
Eliminate A
Quote:
• Lack of parallelism
→ What is the parallel counterpart to people who can [escape poverty]?
People who cannot escape poverty.
Not people who do not escape poverty.
You may think that there is little difference between the two.
Especially in this loaded sentence written by what sounds like a blinkered neoconservative at best, can escape and do escape are not the same thing,
a fact upon which Crytiocanalyst picked up.
If you are worried or unsure, keep it and look for a better answer. Just keep moving.
Eliminate B
Quote:
Bingo.
→ did is parallel to grew up
→ cannot is parallel to can
KEEP
Quote:
• Parallelism error
The parallel contrast of can escape poverty is cannot [escape poverty].
Were not able to is not parallel to can.
If in doubt, compare to option C, in which can is contrasted squarely with cannot.
• Although?
zhanbo , I like the analysis and think it might have held true a decade ago, maybe even five years ago.
Now, I would leave the issue alone.
More and more, although and while are treated as synonyms, although technically the first is called a concession conjunction and the second is called a comparison conjunction.
Do not worry about this jargon.
I highly doubt that all else being equal, GMAC would put you in a position in which while were pitted against although.
I would not eliminate this option or option E on the basis of the word although in place of while.
You might use that difference as a tiebreaker; I doubt that you would ever have to do so.
Quote:
• not parallel
→ same problem as that in option D
• the absence of some phrase similar to or a substitution for who grew up in poverty creates meaning gaps.
A native speaker would pick up the elision (omission of words), in which "grew up in poverty" is implied from context, but this sentence is kind of a hot mess.
This option is certainly not as good as option C.
The answer is C.
NOTES
I have written two longer posts that cover do, do so, do it, and similar matters, including ellipsis and substitution.
If you click here, you can read a thorough post about these issues that is attached to an UNofficial question.
If you click here, you can read an even more in depth post about the pro-verb do, ellipsis, and substitution.
That post is attached to an official question.
Let's try a little review here, too.
Although do is very versatile and can stand in for almost any verb,, there are two big exceptions to the "do can stand in for almost any verb" guideline.
A TO DO verb cannot substitute for
-- TO BE verbs, or
-- HAVE, if HAVE is an auxiliary verb.
If have means own, possess, or experience, then have is a "main" verb and can be replaced with do, does, or did.
• TO DO verbs cannot substitute for TO BE verbs
Wrong: She was hungry and he did, too.
Correct: She was hungry and he was [hungry], too.
• TO DO verbs cannot substitute for HAVE when HAVE is a helping/auxiliary verb
Wrong: He had finished his wine and I did, too.
Correct: He had finished his wine and I had, too.
• TO DO verbs can substitute for HAVE when HAVE is a main verb that means own, possess, or experience.
Correct: Artem has ten pennies and Misha has ten pennies.
Correct: Artem has ten pennies and Misha does, too.
Correct: Artem has ten pennies just as Misha does.
does = has [ten pennies]
Correct (did can substitute for main verb had (meaning "to possess")):
Artem had ten pennies and Misha had ten pennies.
Artem had ten pennies and Misha did, too.
Artem had ten pennies just as Misha did.
did = had [ten pennies]
The answer is C.
COMMENTS
Each of these answers is thoughtful and well-written in its own way.
My stalwart veterans -- its always good to see you and your clear analysis.
Kudos to all.
14 Nov 2021, 00:32
Kudos
Bookmarks
My answer is (C). It took me 01:25.
some of the people who grew up in poverty can escape it, while so many others who grew up in poverty cannot escape it
= ... while so many others who did cannot.
(A) "who do" should be "who did"
(B) At least, "do not" should be ”cannot"
(C) Meets expectation / parallelism.
(DE) can be eliminated because the use of "although“ is inappropriate. The sentence simply lists two observations for contrast. "Although" is typically used to convey that one fact makes the other fact surprising.
some of the people who grew up in poverty can escape it, while so many others who grew up in poverty cannot escape it
= ... while so many others who did cannot.
(A) "who do" should be "who did"
(B) At least, "do not" should be ”cannot"
(C) Meets expectation / parallelism.
(DE) can be eliminated because the use of "although“ is inappropriate. The sentence simply lists two observations for contrast. "Although" is typically used to convey that one fact makes the other fact surprising.
