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When i prethink about this question , i got E as if farmers can do both at the same time.
But as soon as i read option D, i marked option D due to reverse causality.
Option D is already mentioned in the the argument - " As a result, the soil structure in a typical farm field in the region is poor"
So E is correct.
A,B,C are irrelevant. These all options can be true but we need that option which has to be true.
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AshutoshB
The advent of chemical fertilizers led the fanners in a certain region to abandon the practice of periodically growing a ""green-manure"" crop, such as alfalfa, in a field to rejuvenate its soil. As a result, the soil structure in a typical farm field in the region is poor. So to significantly improve the soil structure, fanners will need to abandon the use of chemical fertilizers.

The argument relies on the assumption that

(A) most, if not all, farmers in the region who abandon the use of chemical fertilizers will periodically grow alfalfa

(B) applying chemical fertilizers to green-manure crops, such as alfalfa, has no positive effect on their growth

(C) the most important factor influencing the soil quality of farm field is soil structure

(D) chemical fertilizers themselves have a destructive effect on the soil structure of farm fields

(E) many, if not all, fanners in the region will not grow green-manure crops unless they abandon the use of chemical fertilizers

LSAT 73


Use of Chemical fertilizers ------> Abandon Green Manure

Green Manure -----> Rejuvenate Soil

No Green Manure ----> Poor Soil

To improve Soil ----> Plant Green Manure

To improve Soil -----> Abandon Chemical Fertilizers

Hence, To improve Soil -----> Plant Green Manure ----> Abandon Chemical Fertilizers

Using POE,

(A) most, if not all, farmers in the region who abandon the use of chemical fertilizers will periodically grow alfalfa - Close, but doesn't mention Green manure. Only an example of Green Manure, so we can use that as a blanket for all Green Manure. Incorrect.

(B) applying chemical fertilizers to green-manure crops, such as alfalfa, has no positive effect on their growth - Irrelevant

(C) the most important factor influencing the soil quality of farm field is soil structure - Irrelveant

(D) chemical fertilizers themselves have a destructive effect on the soil structure of farm fields - Yes but how will the farmers improve soil structure, hence it leads only half the conclusion.

(E) many, if not all, fanners in the region will not grow green-manure crops unless they abandon the use of chemical fertilizers - Correct.


Answer E.


Thanks,
GyM
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debabrata1234

(E) many, if not all, fanners in the region will not grow green-manure crops unless they abandon the use of chemical fertilizers
if farmers growth both alfafa and use CF, then there is a chance soil structure will improve. hence its a correct answer

The reason why E is correct because it assumes that either CF or Alfafa should be used, not both. What you are saying is that both should be used at the same time; This breaks the conclusion.
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AshutoshB
The advent of chemical fertilizers led the fanners in a certain region to abandon the practice of periodically growing a ""green-manure"" crop, such as alfalfa, in a field to rejuvenate its soil. As a result, the soil structure in a typical farm field in the region is poor. So to significantly improve the soil structure, fanners will need to abandon the use of chemical fertilizers.

The argument relies on the assumption that

(A) most, if not all, farmers in the region who abandon the use of chemical fertilizers will periodically grow alfalfa

(B) applying chemical fertilizers to green-manure crops, such as alfalfa, has no positive effect on their growth

(C) the most important factor influencing the soil quality of farm field is soil structure

(D) chemical fertilizers themselves have a destructive effect on the soil structure of farm fields

(E) many, if not all, fanners in the region will not grow green-manure crops unless they abandon the use of chemical fertilizers

LSAT 73

Conclusion: to significantly improve the soil structure, fanners will need to abandon the use of chemical fertilizers.


So mostly the answer boils down to option D and E.
D, while negated, means Chemical fertilizers themselves do not have a destructive effect on soil structure of farm fields
This looks like destroying the conclusion.....destructive effect means significant negative effect which goes well with conclusion significantly improve soil structure.....scope of the argument is strong and goes well with conclusion wording....
vs.
E while negated means many fanners in the region will grow green manure crops unless they abandon the use of chemical fertilizers. not sure how does this destroys the conclusion

GMATNinja any tips on this
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chetan2u : I am confused between Option A and Option E. Pls guide me in understanding why E and not A when alfa alfa is also a type of green manure only. What difference does it make when at the end of the day alfa-alfa is used or green manure is used. Seems both are saying that fanners will abandon CF and use ALFA/GM - pls help.­
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akshitab2912
chetan2u : I am confused between Option A and Option E. Pls guide me in understanding why E and not A when alfa alfa is also a type of green manure only. What difference does it make when at the end of the day alfa-alfa is used or green manure is used. Seems both are saying that fanners will abandon CF and use ALFA/GM - pls help.­
­Option A loses out on two accounts
1) alfalfa is just one type of GM. The option leaves all other GM that could be grown. So if these other GM could be grown, then the soil will still get rejuvenated. 
2) E is much better structured. A talks of only those  farmers who abandon CF. But say farmers do not abandon CF but start growing alfalfa, a situation that could lead to  soil getting rejuvenated. However E does not leave any ambiguity. The farmers will not use GM till the time they do not abandon CF and this has a direct effect on the conclusion and argument. 
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