Akela
An analysis of the number and severity of health problems among the population of a certain community showed that elderly people who were born in the community and resided there all their lives had significantly worse health than elderly people who had moved there within the past five years.
Each of the following, if true, contributes to an explanation of the difference in health between these two groups EXCEPT:
(A) People who have the means to relocate tend to be in better-than-average health.
(B) Although most people who have moved into the community are young, most people who have lived in the community all their lives are elderly.
(C) The quality of health care available to the community is lower than that for the rest of the country.
(D) Changes in one’s environment tend to have a beneficial effect on one’s health.
(E) People in good health are more likely to move to new communities than are people in poor health.
Elderly born, raised and staying in a certain community have worse health than elderly who have moved to that community in the past 5 years.
So basically, we are being told that people who have lived in this community all their life have worse health than people who have co me in from other places. There could be many reasons for this. Let's look at the options:
(A) People who have the means to relocate tend to be in better-than-average health.
It does explain the difference. It says that people in the community may not have ill health. They may have average health. But people coming in from other places to settle in this community have better than average health because they have the means. Say if people who move are richer (and hence can afford the move), they can also afford better health care and hence are in better health. So the ones who have come in from other places have better health because they have more means. This could explain the difference between the health of the two groups.
(B) Although most people who have moved into the community are young, most people who have lived in the community all their lives are elderly.
We are not comparing "people who moved" with "people who have lived here all their lives". We are comparing "elderly who have moved" with "elderly who have lived here". So the young who have moved are irrelevant since there is no age difference in our two groups. Both groups are of elderly. This option doesn't explain the difference.
(C) The quality of health care available to the community is lower than that for the rest of the country.
This explains why people who have lived in this community all their lives may have lower than average health. Hence people coming in from other places, even if they have average health, might be better off.
(D) Changes in one’s environment tend to have a beneficial effect on one’s health.
This explains why people coming in from other places might have better health. The change makes them better.
(E) People in good health are more likely to move to new communities than are people in poor health.
This says that people in good health are more likely to move so the ones who have come from other places would have higher percentage of people with good health. This explains the diff too.
Answer (B)