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akela
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People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina 22 Sep 2019, 11:13
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68% (02:04) correct 32% (02:01) wrong based on 742 sessions

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People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina that are sensitive to certain wavelengths of light. People who are colorblind are unable to distinguish between red and green, for example, due to an absence of certain photopigments. What is difficult to explain, however, is that in a study of people who easily distinguish red from green, 10 to 20 percent failed to report distinctions between many shades of red that the majority of the subjects were able to distinguish.

Each of the following, if true, helps to explain the result of the study cited above EXCEPT:

(A) People with abnormally low concentrations of the photopigments for perceiving red can perceive fewer shades of red than people with normal concentrations.
(B) Questions that ask subjects to distinguish between different shades of the same color are difficult to phrase with complete clarity.
(C) Some people are uninterested in fine gradations of color and fail to notice or report differences they do not care about.
(D) Some people are unable to distinguish red from green due to an absence in the retina of the photopigment sensitive to green.
(E) Some people fail to report distinctions between certain shades of red because they lack the names for those shades.
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D
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TheNightKing
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People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina 24 Nov 2019, 15:44
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Akela
People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina that are sensitive to certain wavelengths of light. People who are colorblind are unable to distinguish between red and green, for example, due to an absence of certain photopigments. What is difficult to explain, however, is that in a study of people who easily distinguish red from green, 10 to 20 percent failed to report distinctions between many shades of red that the majority of the subjects were able to distinguish.

Each of the following, if true, helps to explain the result of the study cited above EXCEPT:

(A) People with abnormally low concentrations of the photopigments for perceiving red can perceive fewer shades of red than people with normal concentrations.
(B) Questions that ask subjects to distinguish between different shades of the same color are difficult to phrase with complete clarity.
(C) Some people are uninterested in fine gradations of color and fail to notice or report differences they do not care about.
(D) Some people are unable to distinguish red from green due to an absence in the retina of the photopigment sensitive to green.
(E) Some people fail to report distinctions between certain shades of red because they lack the names for those shades.
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Option D because it talks about distinguish red from green but we are looking for "why people are not able to distinguish between shades of red".
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People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina 01 Oct 2019, 10:31
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Why option A is incorrect? Abnormality in study is difference in sensing ability of different shades of red. Not difference in red and green.

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People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina 02 Oct 2019, 08:50
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SUBHASH309
Why option A is incorrect? Abnormality in study is difference in sensing ability of different shades of red. Not difference in red and green.

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(A) is incorrect because it resolves the paradox. If people can't distinguish between versions of red, but they can do it for green vs. red, then (A) helps resolve this by explaining that you can only see certain types of red. What is confusing you?
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People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina 17 Oct 2019, 12:56
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Akela
People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina that are sensitive to certain wavelengths of light. People who are colorblind are unable to distinguish between red and green, for example, due to an absence of certain photopigments. What is difficult to explain, however, is that in a study of people who easily distinguish red from green, 10 to 20 percent failed to report distinctions between many shades of red that the majority of the subjects were able to distinguish.

Each of the following, if true, helps to explain the result of the study cited above EXCEPT:

(A) People with abnormally low concentrations of the photopigments for perceiving red can perceive fewer shades of red than people with normal concentrations.
(B) Questions that ask subjects to distinguish between different shades of the same color are difficult to phrase with complete clarity.
(C) Some people are uninterested in fine gradations of color and fail to notice or report differences they do not care about.
(D) Some people are unable to distinguish red from green due to an absence in the retina of the photopigment sensitive to green.
(E) Some people fail to report distinctions between certain shades of red because they lack the names for those shades.
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Paradox question

The conclusion is about people who cannot distinguish between shades of green or of red. The paradox is related to this small percentage.

Choice D nonetheless does not address the problem related to shadows at all, hence it does not address the paradox and it is the correct choice.
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People perceive color by means of certain photopigments in the retina 15 Dec 2025, 04:54
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