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16 Mar 2020, 05:51
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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
72% (02:05) correct
28%
(02:10)
wrong
based on 640
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The 15th-century polymath Leonardo Da Vinci is renowned for his work in art, engineering, and biology. But Da Vinci also conducted experiments secretly for many years based on the arcane theories of alchemy, a precursor to the relatively modern science of chemistry, trying unsuccessfully to transmute common metals into gold and produce rejuvenating elixirs. If more alchemists bygone centuries had published the results of their experiments, the knowledge of chemistry in subsequent centuries could have been much more advanced.
Which one of the following assumptions would allow the conclusion concerning chemistry to be properly drawn?
Which one of the following assumptions would allow the conclusion concerning chemistry to be properly drawn?
- (A) Scientific progress is retarded by the reluctance of scientists to publish the results of their unsuccessful experiments.
(B) Da Vinci's work in alchemy, like his works in art, engineering, and biology, would also have achieved renown if it had been published.
(C) No alchemist in the 15th century, including Da Vinci, ever published the results of their experiments.
(D) Advances in science are hastened when reports of experiments, whether successful or not, are available for review and study.
(E) The 15th-century alchemists could have achieved their goals only if their experiments had been subjected to public scrutiny.
parulbhalla
Joined: 28 Feb 2020
Last visit: 01 Dec 2020
Posts: 2
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Location: Canada
Schools: Queens'22 (A$)
GMAT 1: 600 Q43 V31
GPA: 3.7
16 Mar 2020, 06:16
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Hi
I got confused between option A and option D and finally zeroed down on A.
Can you help with the explaination for the option A as in why its incorrect.
I got confused between option A and option D and finally zeroed down on A.
Can you help with the explaination for the option A as in why its incorrect.
ravigupta2912
GMAT 2: 720 Q49 V40
Posts: 717
16 Mar 2020, 22:52
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So, for the first time my pre-thinking helped here. Per my pre-thinking, I drilled down on the following as the potential two assumptions:-
1. None of the alchemist published their results OR
2. The published results would be useful.
Now if you negate 1, the logical opposite is "SOME of the alchemists published their results". It doesn't necessarily break down the conclusion since more publications could have helped the cause. With 2, it absolutely breaks down the conclusion. Now to answer choice analysis:-
(A) Scientific progress is retarded by the reluctance of scientists to publish the results of their unsuccessful experiments.
This only talks of unsuccessful experiments when the conclusion is publishing more results.
(B) Da Vinci's work in alchemy, like his works in art, engineering, and biology, would also have achieved renown if it had been published.
Incorrect. The conclusion does not rest on the DaVinci's works being published or not. It is a general statement and DaVinci has been used as an example to make the point that most alchemists did not publish their work in those times.
(C) No alchemist in the 15th century, including Da Vinci, ever published the results of their experiments.
Incorrect. Close contender. But if you negate this, it becomes "some alchemists", which doesn't exactly destroy the conclusion. If say 30% published their works, having 70% could have helped the advance. Therefore, the conclusion stands. Eliminated.
(D) Advances in science are hastened when reports of experiments, whether successful or not, are available for review and study.
Correct. If you negate this, "are not hastened", this absolutely destroys the conclusion i.e. the advances in science are simply not affected whether the results of experiments are published or not. Therefore, this is the correct answer.
(E) The 15th-century alchemists could have achieved their goals only if their experiments had been subjected to public scrutiny.
Incorrect. The conclusion talks of knowledge of chemistry in the subsequent centuries. This statement is kinda irrelevant in that context. Eliminated.
1. None of the alchemist published their results OR
2. The published results would be useful.
Now if you negate 1, the logical opposite is "SOME of the alchemists published their results". It doesn't necessarily break down the conclusion since more publications could have helped the cause. With 2, it absolutely breaks down the conclusion. Now to answer choice analysis:-
(A) Scientific progress is retarded by the reluctance of scientists to publish the results of their unsuccessful experiments.
This only talks of unsuccessful experiments when the conclusion is publishing more results.
(B) Da Vinci's work in alchemy, like his works in art, engineering, and biology, would also have achieved renown if it had been published.
Incorrect. The conclusion does not rest on the DaVinci's works being published or not. It is a general statement and DaVinci has been used as an example to make the point that most alchemists did not publish their work in those times.
(C) No alchemist in the 15th century, including Da Vinci, ever published the results of their experiments.
Incorrect. Close contender. But if you negate this, it becomes "some alchemists", which doesn't exactly destroy the conclusion. If say 30% published their works, having 70% could have helped the advance. Therefore, the conclusion stands. Eliminated.
(D) Advances in science are hastened when reports of experiments, whether successful or not, are available for review and study.
Correct. If you negate this, "are not hastened", this absolutely destroys the conclusion i.e. the advances in science are simply not affected whether the results of experiments are published or not. Therefore, this is the correct answer.
(E) The 15th-century alchemists could have achieved their goals only if their experiments had been subjected to public scrutiny.
Incorrect. The conclusion talks of knowledge of chemistry in the subsequent centuries. This statement is kinda irrelevant in that context. Eliminated.
