The authors of a recent article examined warnings of an impending wave of extinctions of animal species within the next 100 years. These authors say that no evidence exists to support the idea that the rate of extinction of animal species is now accelerating. They are wrong, however. Consider only the data on fishes: 40 species and subspecies of North American fishes have vanished in the twentieth century, 13 between 1900 and 1950, and 27 since 1950.
The answer to which one of the following questions would contribute most to an evaluation of the argument?
(A) Were the fish species and subspecies that became extinct
unrepresentative of animal species in general with regard to their pattern of extinction? - CORRECT. It at all they are not representative then claiming that authors were wrong is not right. Then the reasoning offered against those authors does not hold well.
(B) How
numerous were the populations in 1950 of the species and subspecies of North American fishes that have become extinct since 1950? - WRONG. Absolute numbers never make a good candidate. Proportion do.
(C) Did any of the species or subspecies of North American fishes that became extinct in the twentieth century
originate in regions outside of North America? - WRONG. Even if they originated somewhere else, those species belonged to NA and now they are extinct.
(D) What
proportion of North American fish species and subspecies whose populations were endangered in 1950 are
now thriving? - WRONG. Changes the context. They are extinct.
(E) Were any of the species or subspecies of North American fishes that became extinct in the twentieth century
commercially important? - WRONG. Shifts scope that is bland to the passage.
Answer A.