Some studies show that
students are more creative after being given
monetary rewards for their academic performance, but other studies show that
students are less creative after receiving monetary rewards. Therefore, to avoid the risk of discouraging students’ creativity, monetary rewards should not be given to them for academic performance.
The reasoning in which one of the following is most similar to that in the argument above?
(A) Studies are producing contrary results about the level of
exercise that is optimal for maintaining fitness. Therefore, it is better to concentrate on
diet as a means of maintaining fitness. - WRONG. Another element is introduced that breaks the possible similarities with original argument.
(B) If Donna’s supervisor learns that
Donna is applying for another job, then the supervisor might
offer Donna incentives to stay in her current position. However, the supervisor
might react negatively to the news. Because of this possibility, Donna should keep her plans from her supervisor. - CORRECT.
(C) If the current model of the most popular lowpriced car is
redesigned to make it more powerful, then its price will be raised. A higher price for this model may lead to
decreased sales. Therefore, this model should not be redesigned. - WRONG. Half argument in itself. What's the possibility on the positive side upon redesigning the car??
(D)
Raising the fare on the city’s transit system will not raise more revenue, because the ridership will decrease. Decreased ridership will also
increase the traffic congestion and pollution in the city. Therefore, the fare should not be raised. - WRONG. More or less similar to C in approach and logic. Takes only one argument and further elaborates its outcomes. Other side of the act's outcome i.e. increase of revenue is not discussed.
(E)
Life will be much
more convenient for Javier if he
buys a new car, but he will
save a lot of money if he buys no car. Therefore, to have more convenience and save some money, Javier should
buy a used car. - WRONG. Two problems persist in this one - one that it takes the positive side to conclude(but this is debatable) and another that it brings a new element into picture which is not there in the original argument.
CRUX of the passage: Between a positive outcome and a negative outcome, negative outcome is considered to conclude the argument.
Only B and D(only slightly) stand stand a chance.
Answer B.