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A lottery winner from State F must match, in any order, 6 balls randomly chosen from a single pool of balls numbered from 1 to 50. A lottery winner from State G must match, in any order, 5 balls randomly chosen from a first pool of balls numbered from 1 to 50 AND a “megaball,” randomly chosen from a second set of balls numbered from 1 to 50. The number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State G is what percentage greater than the number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State F?
A. 11%
B. 85%
C. 111%
D. 567%
E. 667%


Hi...
Let's see the combinations of each..

Here you can do with probability too

State F
First ball picking probability is 1/50, next 1/49 and so on..
Since ORDER is not important, these 6 can be picked in 6! Ways..
So prob = \(\frac{1}{50}* \frac{1}{49}.....\frac{1}{45}*6!\)

State G
Similarly \(\frac{1}{50}* \frac{1}{49}.....\frac{1}{46}*5!*1/50\)
Final 1/50 is the megaball..

%={ \({\frac{1}{50}* \frac{1}{49}.....\frac{1}{45}*6!-\frac{1}{50}* \frac{1}{49}.....\frac{1}{46}*5!*1/50\)}/{\(\frac{1}{50}* \frac{1}{49}.....\frac{1}{46}*5!*1/50\)}*100

={\({\frac{6}{45}-\frac{1}{50}\)}/\(\frac{1}{50}\)*100
= \(\frac{5100}{9}=567%\)

D
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Even though the concept is rather easy, the question is too calculation intensive to appear on the GMAT.
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A lottery winner from State F must match, in any order, 6 balls randomly chosen from a single pool of balls numbered from 1 to 50. A lottery winner from State G must match, in any order, 5 balls randomly chosen from a first pool of balls numbered from 1 to 50 AND a “megaball,” randomly chosen from a second set of balls numbered from 1 to 50. The number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State G is what percentage greater than the number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State F?

Number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State G = 50C5*50C1 = \( \frac{50!}{5!45!}*50\)
Number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State F = 50C6 = \( \frac{50!}{6!/44!}\)

Number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State G - Number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State F = \(\frac{50!}{5!45!}*50 - \frac{50!}{6!/44!} = \frac{50!}{5!44!} (\frac{50}{45} - \frac{1}{6}) = \frac{50!}{5!/44!} (\frac{10}{9} - \frac{1}{6}) = \frac{50!}{5!44!} (\frac{17}{18})\)

The number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State G is what percentage greater than the number of winning combinations in a single drawing of the lottery in State F = \(\frac{50!}{5!44!} (\frac{17}{18})/ \frac{50!}{6!/44!} *100\% = \frac{1700}{3} \% = 567\% \)

IMO D
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