The hidden clue in this question is the percentage increase in salary given to the persons earning $20/hr. If you are someone who earns $20/hr and you receive a $1/hr raise, you received a 5% increase, right?
You will now see that interpreting the second statement of the question becomes very simple. But before that, let’s break up the persons into three categories:
Category 1 – People who earn $20/hr. These people receive a $1/hr (or a 5% raise).
Category 2 – People who earn <$20/hr. 5% of a number less than 20 is less than $1. Therefore, these people receive a $1/hr increase which represents more than 5% of their salary.
Category 3 – People who earn >$20/hr. 5% of a number more than 20 is more than $1. Therefore, these people receive an amount equal to 5% of their salary since this will be more than $1.
Now that this is clear, let’s evaluate the statements one by one.
Statement I says that people in category 2 earn a higher percentage increase than people in category 1. From the above discussion, we know that this is true. Statement I has to be a part of the answer, so answer options B and C can be eliminated.
Statement II and III talk about two individuals who are in category 3. It’s clear that these individuals will receive a 5% increase on their respective salaries.
5% of 22 is 1.10 and 5% of 24 is 1.20. Clearly, statement II is true. When 1.20 is added to 24, the result is 25.20. Statement III is also true. Answer options A and D can be eliminated.
The correct answer option is E.
Hope that helps!