Great question! Let's break this down step by step.
The range of a list is simply:
Largest value - Smallest value.
List A has a range of
17, and List B has a range of
20. When we merge them into List C, the range of C depends on how the two lists overlap on the number line.
Key Insight: To MINIMIZE the range of C, we want to NEST the smaller list completely inside the larger list.Imagine List B spans from
0 to
20 (range =
20). Now place List A so it fits entirely inside B — say A spans from
1 to
18 (range =
17).
When merged:- The smallest value in C is still
0 (from B)
- The largest value in C is still
20 (from B)
- Range of C =
20 -
0 =
20Since A is completely contained within B, A doesn't push the minimum lower or the maximum higher. So C's range stays at
20.
Could the range be less than [b]20?[/b] No! List B alone already has a range of
20, and all of B's elements are in C. So C's range can never be less than
20.
Could the range be more than [b]20?[/b] Yes, if the lists don't overlap well. For example, if A spans from
25 to
42, the combined range would be
42 -
0 =
42. But the question asks for the LEAST possible range.
General principle: When merging two lists, the minimum possible range of the combined list equals the LARGER of the two individual ranges, because you can always nest the smaller-range list inside the larger one.Since the larger individual range is 20, the least possible range of the combined list is 20.Answer: C