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Bunuel
How far is it from town A to town B? Town C is 12 miles east of town A.

(1) Town C is south of town B.
(2) It is 9 miles from town B to town C.

St1 gives us the direction of where B is. Basically, it tells us that Towns A, B and C form a right angle, insufficient.
St2, Now we're given the second leg of a triangle, insufficient, since we don't know if it's a right triangle.

1+2, this gives us the length of the legs and it's a right triangle.
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Bunuel
How far is it from town A to town B? Town C is 12 miles east of town A.

(1) Town C is south of town B.
(2) It is 9 miles from town B to town C.

Statement One Alone:

Town C is south of town B.

Since we don’t know how far south town B is from town C, we can’t determine the distance from town A to town B. Statement one alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Statement Two Alone:

It is 9 miles from town B and town C.

Since we don’t know what direction town B is from town C, we can’t determine the distance from town A to town B. Statement two alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Statements One and Two Together:

With both statements, we know that town B is 9 miles south from town C. Since town C is 2 miles east of town A. By the Pythagorean theorem, we have:

9^2 + 12^2 = d^2

81 + 144 = d^2

225 = d^2

15 = d

Answer: C
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