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Updated on: 02 Apr 2026, 12:18
Originally posted by Sajjad1994 on 01 Jan 2021, 08:15.
Last edited by Bunuel on 02 Apr 2026, 12:18, edited 4 times in total.
Last edited by Bunuel on 02 Apr 2026, 12:18, edited 4 times in total.
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Methodological
reason: Multiple evaluative measures Empirical
reason: Proximity to related species
reason: Multiple evaluative measures Empirical
reason: Proximity to related species
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
20% (02:41) correct
80%
(03:16)
wrong
based on 217
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Paleobiologist: Previous hypotheses about the probable place of origin of the ancestor of Perezia place its genesis either in the warm open forests of extratropical South America, such as the montane habitats of the central Andes with elements that further colonized the southern areas, or eastern subtropical South America based on the basal position of the Brazilian-centered Perezia multiflora species group. Our results are in disagreement with both hypotheses. The ancestral areas and dispersal-vicariance approaches are in agreement, and strongly support the southern Andes as the probable ancestral area for Perezia; this is also the area that holds the majority of species in the genus. This southern location is also congruent with the fossil record of the early diverging lineages of the family that includes Perezia. Several fossils of early branching lineages of Asteraceae have been found from the Paleogene in southwestern Argentina, the earliest from the middle Eocene.
Based on the information in the passage, select the strongest Methodological reason the paleobiologist has presented for proposing an alternative hypothesis regarding the origin of the ancestor of Perezia and the strongest Empirical reason presented for proposing the alternative hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Based on the information in the passage, select the strongest Methodological reason the paleobiologist has presented for proposing an alternative hypothesis regarding the origin of the ancestor of Perezia and the strongest Empirical reason presented for proposing the alternative hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.
|
Methodological reason |
Empirical reason |
|
| Local temperatures | ||
| Geographic latitude | ||
| Multiple evaluative measures | ||
| Proximity to related species | ||
| Asteraceae lineages | ||
| Eocene fossil records |
ShowHide Answer
Official Answer
Methodological
reason: Multiple evaluative measures Empirical
reason: Proximity to related species
reason: Multiple evaluative measures Empirical
reason: Proximity to related species
21 Jan 2021, 04:19
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Explanation
This question is very hard, the language used in the passage is hard to comprehend by a non-native of English. I read it twice to under stand the logic
Let me try to explain.
Previous hypotheses about the probable place of origin of the ancestor of Perezia place its genesis either in the warm open forests of extratropical South America, such as the montane habitats of the central Andes with elements that further colonized the southern areas, or eastern subtropical South America based on the basal position of the Brazilian-centered Perezia multiflora species group. Our results are in disagreement with both hypotheses. The ancestral areas and dispersal-vicariance approaches are in agreement, and strongly support the southern Andes as the probable ancestral area for Perezia; this is also the area that holds the majority of species in the genus. This southern location is also congruent with the fossil record of the early diverging lineages of the family that includes Perezia. Several fossils of early branching lineages of Asteraceae have been found from the Paleogene in southwestern Argentina, the earliest from the middle Eocene.
Local temperatures: No such evidence discussing the temperature is available in the passage. Neither for the methodological reason nor for the empirical relation.
Geographic latitude: This seems related up to some extent as geographic about are discussed in the passage within minimum amount. Let's find a better option than this.
Multiple evaluative measures: Hmm. This seems more related to the passage than above option, the words location, genus and area shows the diversification of the evaluation so this could fit the Methodological reason. Let's keep it.
Proximity to related species: This also seems related to the passage and more connected, the words fossil record, early diverging lineages and early branching lineages shows it could be the Empirical reason, lets keep it too and try to find something better than this.
Asteraceae lineages: Not looking better than the previous options.
Eocene fossil records: This is a very tiny fraction of the passage which can not hold such value to be picked up as Methodological reason or Empirical reason.
Only three options Geographic latitude, Multiple evaluative measures and Proximity to related species are related and Multiple evaluative measures fits to Methodological reason while Proximity to related species fits within the Empirical reason.
This question is very hard, the language used in the passage is hard to comprehend by a non-native of English. I read it twice to under stand the logic
Let me try to explain.
Previous hypotheses about the probable place of origin of the ancestor of Perezia place its genesis either in the warm open forests of extratropical South America, such as the montane habitats of the central Andes with elements that further colonized the southern areas, or eastern subtropical South America based on the basal position of the Brazilian-centered Perezia multiflora species group. Our results are in disagreement with both hypotheses. The ancestral areas and dispersal-vicariance approaches are in agreement, and strongly support the southern Andes as the probable ancestral area for Perezia; this is also the area that holds the majority of species in the genus. This southern location is also congruent with the fossil record of the early diverging lineages of the family that includes Perezia. Several fossils of early branching lineages of Asteraceae have been found from the Paleogene in southwestern Argentina, the earliest from the middle Eocene.
Local temperatures: No such evidence discussing the temperature is available in the passage. Neither for the methodological reason nor for the empirical relation.
Geographic latitude: This seems related up to some extent as geographic about are discussed in the passage within minimum amount. Let's find a better option than this.
Multiple evaluative measures: Hmm. This seems more related to the passage than above option, the words location, genus and area shows the diversification of the evaluation so this could fit the Methodological reason. Let's keep it.
Proximity to related species: This also seems related to the passage and more connected, the words fossil record, early diverging lineages and early branching lineages shows it could be the Empirical reason, lets keep it too and try to find something better than this.
Asteraceae lineages: Not looking better than the previous options.
Eocene fossil records: This is a very tiny fraction of the passage which can not hold such value to be picked up as Methodological reason or Empirical reason.
Only three options Geographic latitude, Multiple evaluative measures and Proximity to related species are related and Multiple evaluative measures fits to Methodological reason while Proximity to related species fits within the Empirical reason.
General Discussion
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02 Jan 2021, 09:00
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Based on the information in the passage, select the strongest Methodological reason the paleobiologist has presented for proposing an alternative hypothesis regarding the origin of the ancestor of Perezia and the strongest Empirical reason presented for proposing the alternative hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Earlier Belief - Perezia origin place - warm open forests of extratropical South America or eastern subtropical South America
Paleobiologists belief - Our results are in disagreement with both hypotheses. The ancestral areas and dispersal-vicariance approaches are in agreement, and strongly support the southern Andes as the probable ancestral area for Perezia; this is also the area that holds the majority of species in the genus. This southern location is also congruent with the fossil record of the early diverging lineages of the family that includes Perezia
The last part is an extra information about some other other lineages - lineages of Asteraceae - which is not our concern.
Local temperatures - Temperatures are mentioned to support earlier belief. It is none of the method.
Geographic latitude - It Is Empirical Method. Since it is mentioned that "this is also the area that holds the majority of species in the genus". Data centered approach on Geographical front.
Multiple evaluative measures - It is Methodological Approach. Since it is mentioned "The ancestral areas and dispersal-vicariance approaches are in agreement"
Proximity to related species......This is a weak choice. Had it been on the lines of "fossil record of the early diverging lineages of the family that includes Perezia" we could have considered it an Empirical method. Since we have found better choices. Lets discard it.
Asteraceae lineages.......OFS
Eocene fossil records........are related to lineages of Asteraceae and not Perezia
Earlier Belief - Perezia origin place - warm open forests of extratropical South America or eastern subtropical South America
Paleobiologists belief - Our results are in disagreement with both hypotheses. The ancestral areas and dispersal-vicariance approaches are in agreement, and strongly support the southern Andes as the probable ancestral area for Perezia; this is also the area that holds the majority of species in the genus. This southern location is also congruent with the fossil record of the early diverging lineages of the family that includes Perezia
The last part is an extra information about some other other lineages - lineages of Asteraceae - which is not our concern.
Local temperatures - Temperatures are mentioned to support earlier belief. It is none of the method.
Geographic latitude - It Is Empirical Method. Since it is mentioned that "this is also the area that holds the majority of species in the genus". Data centered approach on Geographical front.
Multiple evaluative measures - It is Methodological Approach. Since it is mentioned "The ancestral areas and dispersal-vicariance approaches are in agreement"
Proximity to related species......This is a weak choice. Had it been on the lines of "fossil record of the early diverging lineages of the family that includes Perezia" we could have considered it an Empirical method. Since we have found better choices. Lets discard it.
Asteraceae lineages.......OFS
Eocene fossil records........are related to lineages of Asteraceae and not Perezia
