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Official Explanation

1. The increase in the estimated year-end population of Territory C from 1990 to 2010 accounts for approximately______________% of the increase in the estimated year-end population of Nation X over the same period.

Explanation

Measured in thousands, the estimated year-end population of Territory C was approximately 2,900 in 1990 and 4,600 in 2010, for an increase of approximately 4,600 − 2,900, or 1,700, over that period. The total estimated year-end population of Nation X, in thousands, was 17,000 in 1990 and 22,500 in 2010, an increase of 22,500 − 17,000, or 5,500. Thus, Territory C’s population increase represents 100 (1,700/5,500), or 30 10/11, percent of the total increase.

The correct answer is 30.

2. In 2010, the estimated total year-end population of the 3 territories was of the estimated year-end population of Nation X.

Explanation

Measured in thousands, the 2010 estimated year-end population was approximately 7,250 for Territory A, approximately 5,600 for Territory B, and approximately 4,600 for Territory C, for a combined total of approximately 17,450. The estimated total year-end population, in thousands, of Nation X for 2010 was 22,500. Thus, the estimated total of the three territories represents 100 (17,450/22,500), or 77 \(\frac{5}{9}\), percent of the estimated year-end total population of Nation X in 2010.

The correct answer is between 70% and 80%.
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Official Explanation

1. The increase in the estimated year-end population of Territory C from 1990 to 2010 accounts for approximately______________% of the increase in the estimated year-end population of Nation X over the same period.

Explanation

Measured in thousands, the estimated year-end population of Territory C was approximately 2,900 in 1990 and 4,600 in 2010, for an increase of approximately 4,600 − 2,900, or 1,700, over that period. The total estimated year-end population of Nation X, in thousands, was 17,000 in 1990 and 22,500 in 2010, an increase of 22,500 − 17,000, or 5,500. Thus, Territory C’s population increase represents 100 (1,700/5,500), or 30 10/11, percent of the total increase.

The correct answer is 30.

2. In 2010, the estimated total year-end population of the 3 territories was of the estimated year-end population of Nation X.

Explanation

Measured in thousands, the 2010 estimated year-end population was approximately 7,250 for Territory A, approximately 5,600 for Territory B, and approximately 4,600 for Territory C, for a combined total of approximately 17,450. The estimated total year-end population, in thousands, of Nation X for 2010 was 22,500. Thus, the estimated total of the three territories represents 100 (17,450/22,500), or 77 \(\frac{5}{9}\), percent of the estimated year-end total population of Nation X in 2010.

The correct answer is between 70% and 80%.
­This is not the answer, but while solving, I found a very interesting approximation tip and I thought of sharing it with everyone.

You can either approximate the denominator or the numerator. Do NOT approximate both. Approximating both will lead to an incorrect answer. If you are over approximating the numerator, then the final answer will be less than the solution. If you are underestimating the numerator, the final answer will be greater. Similarly for the denominator. we can say the reverse thing. So, remember to estimate ONLY one. Do not estimate both of them since you will not know if the final answer will be greater or smaller than the given answer you got on paper.
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