EuropaGust
Isn't it funny how GMAC uses made up names for countries or regions for the CR questions to maintain an anonymity and avoid any influence on the test taker, and yet composes an entire RC passage on the Unites States' history?
What are your thoughts on this? More than 60% of the test takers do not belong to the USA. Sure RC passages in themselves contain all the information one needs to solve it, but doesn't this gives rise to a subtle bias between the test takers?
Or how about the biggest elephant in the room - that the test is in English?

In seriousness or in a joke, but chances are already stacked against non-native speakers in both Q and V since you have to do it through a lens of another language...
I would say that there are numerous advantages to a US-test-taker such as:
1. Language
2. Historical knowledge
3. Political/other knowledge
While I would also say that GMAC tries to minimize cultural advantage, it exists and will exist no matter how hard they try in reality or even in the perception alone. But here is the thing - that advantage actually does not matter. Even if the entire population of the US got the answer key to the test and score 800, it would not matter because business schools have goals for diversity of the class. The same issue that many Indian applicants find themselves fighting against (and loudly complaining about

) comes into play here and helps the international applicants in this case. You can see that the drive for a diverse class has some applicants from South America for example applying and getting admitted with lower scores (though potentially stronger and more interesting profiles than other demographics) and that is because ultimately your competition is not the US applicants but other international students. Sure there is some wiggle room to admit more US applicants vs. International students but the two groups are generally mutually exclusive.
I would also add that while the historical and other texts may be familiar to the US audience the authors specifically set traps in the text or attempt to mitigate any prior knowledge by asking scope and flow questions where prior knowledge would not be advantageous and sometimes would actually get you caught in the trap (e.g. text did not talk about one specific item that you remember from high school history class).
Bottom line: whether an advantage exists and to what extent is challenging to determine but since the competition among applicants is region or country-specific, you and applicants are competing with their own peers, the need to determine that advantage becomes less of a question and it is rather more about getting a higher score compared to your peers.
P.S. I will try to find some average scores by country. GMAC publishes those every year though they have been harder and harder to get....