1 A product's design can be more valuable than

Question

1 A product’s design can be more
 valuable than the product itself. With the
 advent of the personal computer in the
 1970s, the computer-manufacturing
5 sector, an industry then dominated by
 those giants able to afford incredibly
 specialized knowledge and to produce
 equally expensive products, suddenly
 found its brightest lights shining in the
10 garages of clever engineers. Large
 manufacturers responded slowly but
 eventually arrived at a lucrative solution:
 IBM developed its own personal
 computer and permitted other
15 manufacturers to copy its design in
 exchange for royalties. This move
 brought the computer giant’s greatest
 strength to bear—an enormous reserve
 of engineering brainpower—and
20 ensured its continued control over a
 broad stretch of the personal computer
 market. At the same time, the broad
 selection of IBM “clones” available
 brought prices down and ensured the
25 product’s mass-market appeal.
 The upstart companies that gave older
 manufacturers so much trouble to begin
 with soon found themselves in a difficult
 situation. Despite their innovative
30 operating systems, which converted
 computers from specialists’ tools into
 devices nearly as easy to use as
 toasters, these companies may not have
 reaped their full reward, as they have
35 jealously held onto exclusive rights to
 manufacture the machines that run the
 new systems. Only recently have these
 smaller companies begun to license
 their hardware designs and operating
40 systems, paving the way for clones of
 their own. Yet the young companies lag
 far behind both IBM and those software
 developers who have reaped huge
 rewards from the personal computer
45 bonanza, leading many analysts to
 wonder if the smaller companies’
 machines will remain the expensive
 luxuries that they have become in the
 home-computing market.

1. According to the passage, which of the following resulted from “cloning” in the computer industry?

I. The failure of younger, smaller computer manufacturers to realize their full potential
II. The creation of low-quality, low-cost home computers
III. The introduction of specialization into the computer industry

I only
 
II only
 
I and II only
 
I and III only
 
II and III only

atomy · Answer

IMO A i.e. only statement 1 is true as it is clearly mentioned in lines 32 - 35. Now statement 2 ir incorrect coz it is never mentioned that cloning resulted in low quality machines, rather the passage says that the price decreases after the introduction of cloning.
Statement 3 is never mentioned in the passage the way it is mentioned here..
HTH

Neochronic · Answer

IMO too A..

1) as its is mentioned in the passage that

" spite their innovative
30 operating systems, which converted
computers from specialists’ tools into
devices nearly as easy to use as
toasters, these companies may not have
reaped their full reward, as they have
35 jealously held onto exclusive rights to
manufacture the machines that run the
new systems."

the small companies failed to realize their complete potential

bigtreezl · Answer

yeah I only

1 A product's design can be more valuable than

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