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(A) Before the new regulations were implemented, most school meals met the nutritional guidelines that were in place at that time.
A is not the correct solution because while it explains that the new regulations may not have introduced a significant improvement over previous standards, it doesnt directly address the discrepancy. It doesnt link the unchanged obesity rates to factors like eating behaviors or additional influences outside of the school meals, which are necessary to fully resolve the discrepancy

(B) Parents and guardians often provide children with additional snacks and meals that are not regulated by the school nutrition standards.
This option is a strong explanation. It highlights the fact that school meals are just one part of children's overall nutrition, and other factors (e.g., snacks from home) may be contributing to obesity. If children are eating unregulated snacks and meals at home, that could easily counterbalance the improvements made in school meals. This option considers the entire environment affecting children's health

(C) The new regulations mandate that all school cafeterias implement menus in multiple languages.
This option is not relevant to the explanation of the discrepancy. It doesn't look into the main issue of nutrition and obesity rates.

(D) Many schools have objected to the introduction of new regulations.
This option is not a strong explanation since objections alone don't address the lack of impact on obesity rates

(E) The increase in food variety makes it harder for students to consistently choose healthier options.
This is a valid explanation. Increased variety can sometimes have the unintended effect of leading to poor decision-making, as students may opt for more appealing but less healthy foods.
BUT, it is somewhat more limited because it assumes that the variety itself is the main issue, without considering the broader context of children’s entire diets, which may include more external factors

Solution (b)
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Bunuel
12 Days of Christmas 2024 - 2025 Competition with $40,000 of Prizes

Public Health Official: New regulations mandating higher nutrition standards for school meals were introduced with the dual goals of improving children's overall health and reducing obesity rates. These regulations required that the meals offer a greater variety of foods, including options with lower calorie content, with the ultimate aim of reducing childhood obesity. However, despite implementing these changes, and robust demand for school meals, there has not been a noticeable decrease in obesity rates among school-aged children.

Which of the following would, if true, best explain the discrepancy outlined above?

(A) Before the new regulations were implemented, most school meals met the nutritional guidelines that were in place at that time.
(B) Parents and guardians often provide children with additional snacks and meals that are not regulated by the school nutrition standards.
(C) The new regulations mandate that all school cafeterias implement menus in multiple languages.
(D) Many schools have objected to the introduction of new regulations.
(E) The increase in food variety makes it harder for students to consistently choose healthier options.

 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the 12 Days of Christmas Competition

Win $40,000 in prizes: Courses, Tests & more

 

My Approach would reflect on the facts and the gaps in analysis on behalf of the Public Health Official.

The line of reasoning followed very conveniently instructs that the plan to control calories and providing a variety of foods is implemented.

But the children still have ample of sources of calorie consumption open - food and snacks from, additional purchases of foods etc that will supplement their low calorie diet making any act of cutting calories through the meal plan void. Option B perfectly embodies that.
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The prompt goes: new regulations for less obesity and more health => more food options with lower calories (implemented and on demand) => no obesity decrease.

Hence, we're on a noble quest to search for some hindrance between the implementation of the reasonable-looking measures and lack of effect.

  1. A is irrelevant, because we're estimating the result of the new regulations, not old ones. Eliminate.
  2. B seems quite good, as it would explain that children aren't actually eating the healthier options on offer.
  3. C is out of scope, as linguistic side is not relevant. Eliminate.
  4. While D looks tempting, the argument actually says that the regulations were implemented. Eliminate.
  5. E isn't bad, but still, they don't have to choose healthy food consistently - just maybe from time to time at least, it would already have some effect. Eliminate.

Hence, the answer is B.
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(A) Before the new regulations were implemented, most school meals met the nutritional guidelines that were in place at that time.
  • School Meals met the old guidelines, but author talks about the new regulations not reducing obesity rater
(B) Parents and guardians often provide children with additional snacks and meals that are not regulated by the school nutrition standards.
  • This suggests that while school meals have improved, factors outside of school (such as snacks and meals from home) may still contribute to childhood obesity.
(C) The new regulations mandate that all school cafeterias implement menus in multiple languages.
  • This does not directly address obesity or nutrition.
(D) Many schools have objected to the introduction of new regulations.
  • It is not clear whether these schools (who have objected) have not implemented new guidelines.
(E) The increase in food variety makes it harder for students to consistently choose healthier options.
  • More variety may lead to less consistent healthy choices, but it may not be significant for affecting obesity rates
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bb Bunuel

These CR Problems are written by whom?

Manhattan or you guys at gmatclub?

Quite amazing problems honestly.
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According to the competition guidelines, these are from Manhattan
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bb Bunuel

These CR Problems are written by whom?

Manhattan or you guys at gmatclub?

Quite amazing problems honestly.
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bb Bunuel

These CR Problems are written by whom?

Manhattan or you guys at gmatclub?

Quite amazing problems honestly.

Out of the 80 questions featured in the competition, 10 (5 DS and 5 TPA) are provided by Manhattan Prep, while the remaining 70 questions are written in-house by GMAT Club. This particular question is a GMAT Club question and will be included in our GMAT Club Tests.



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Thanks @Bunel
I have got Two doubts, could you pleas explain the same. Thanks in advance

  1. "Consistently" in option E made me choose B (Why should children choose low calorie options consistently, they can eat High calorie option few times (Plus the other food options is not mentioned it causes obesity, at best it is nutritive )
  2. Well, the reason for rejecting option B doesnt seem convinving to me. Even, if Parents gave additional meals non-compliant with nutritional standards before, still giving it after might cause obsesity rate to remain same i.e. robust demand does not nullify this option.
Bunuel
Bunuel
12 Days of Christmas 2024 - 2025 Competition with $30,000 of Prizes

Public Health Official: New regulations mandating higher nutrition standards for school meals were introduced with the dual goals of improving children's overall health and reducing obesity rates. These regulations required that the meals offer a greater variety of foods, including options with lower calorie content, with the ultimate aim of reducing childhood obesity. However, despite implementing these changes, and robust demand for school meals, there has not been a noticeable decrease in obesity rates among school-aged children.

Which of the following would, if true, best explain the discrepancy outlined above?

(A) Before the new regulations were implemented, most school meals met the nutritional guidelines that were in place at that time.
(B) Parents and guardians often provide children with additional snacks and meals that are not regulated by the school nutrition standards.
(C) The new regulations mandate that all school cafeterias implement menus in multiple languages.
(D) Many schools have objected to the introduction of new regulations.
(E) The increase in food variety makes it harder for students to consistently choose healthier options.

GMAT Club's Official Explanation:



A) Incorrect: this answer choice does not explain why there was no decrease in obesity rates following the regulations, since the regulations improved nutritional standards.

B) Incorrect: Yes, parents may sabotage their own children by providing them with unhealthy snacks or bad food choices, and that can explain why kids may not be as healthy as they should. However, this does not explain why there has been no change in kids obesity rates. We know that there is a robust demand for meals so kids are eating them and since this behavior by parents would have been occurring both before and after the introduction of the new standards, this option does not explain why there was no change after the standards were introduced. This option is enough to explain the discrepancy.

(C) Incorrect: Irrelevant - the language of the menus would not help explain the discrepancy. If anything, this should have made the menus more relevant to some of the bilingual students.

(D) Incorrect: Schools objecting to the new regulations is not relevant to our augment or rather, it may be relevant but the answer choice as written is incomplete and is insufficient by itself to give us a strong footing for what may have gone wrong. Perhaps schools did not transition to the new regulation or maybe they have - we just do not know and so we cannot do much with this information. At the same time, the fact that many schools have objected to the introduction of the new regulations indicates that the new regulations were bringing a meaningful change, so it is surprising that no change in obesity rates were observed.

(E) Correct: This choice demonstrates a potentially unintended consequence of the new standards, which would undermine their effectiveness looking to reduce obesity. Menu complexity could prevent students from eating healthy and thus would not reduce obesity rates, as students choose higher-calorie options.
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Thanks @Bunel
I have got Two doubts, could you pleas explain the same. Thanks in advance

  1. "Consistently" in option E made me choose B (Why should children choose low calorie options consistently, they can eat High calorie option few times (Plus the other food options is not mentioned it causes obesity, at best it is nutritive )
  2. Well, the reason for rejecting option B doesnt seem convinving to me. Even, if Parents gave additional meals non-compliant with nutritional standards before, still giving it after might cause obsesity rate to remain same i.e. robust demand does not nullify this option.
Bunuel
Bunuel
12 Days of Christmas 2024 - 2025 Competition with $30,000 of Prizes

Public Health Official: New regulations mandating higher nutrition standards for school meals were introduced with the dual goals of improving children's overall health and reducing obesity rates. These regulations required that the meals offer a greater variety of foods, including options with lower calorie content, with the ultimate aim of reducing childhood obesity. However, despite implementing these changes, and robust demand for school meals, there has not been a noticeable decrease in obesity rates among school-aged children.

Which of the following would, if true, best explain the discrepancy outlined above?

(A) Before the new regulations were implemented, most school meals met the nutritional guidelines that were in place at that time.
(B) Parents and guardians often provide children with additional snacks and meals that are not regulated by the school nutrition standards.
(C) The new regulations mandate that all school cafeterias implement menus in multiple languages.
(D) Many schools have objected to the introduction of new regulations.
(E) The increase in food variety makes it harder for students to consistently choose healthier options.

GMAT Club's Official Explanation:



A) Incorrect: this answer choice does not explain why there was no decrease in obesity rates following the regulations, since the regulations improved nutritional standards.

B) Incorrect: Yes, parents may sabotage their own children by providing them with unhealthy snacks or bad food choices, and that can explain why kids may not be as healthy as they should. However, this does not explain why there has been no change in kids obesity rates. We know that there is a robust demand for meals so kids are eating them and since this behavior by parents would have been occurring both before and after the introduction of the new standards, this option does not explain why there was no change after the standards were introduced. This option is enough to explain the discrepancy.

(C) Incorrect: Irrelevant - the language of the menus would not help explain the discrepancy. If anything, this should have made the menus more relevant to some of the bilingual students.

(D) Incorrect: Schools objecting to the new regulations is not relevant to our augment or rather, it may be relevant but the answer choice as written is incomplete and is insufficient by itself to give us a strong footing for what may have gone wrong. Perhaps schools did not transition to the new regulation or maybe they have - we just do not know and so we cannot do much with this information. At the same time, the fact that many schools have objected to the introduction of the new regulations indicates that the new regulations were bringing a meaningful change, so it is surprising that no change in obesity rates were observed.

(E) Correct: This choice demonstrates a potentially unintended consequence of the new standards, which would undermine their effectiveness looking to reduce obesity. Menu complexity could prevent students from eating healthy and thus would not reduce obesity rates, as students choose higher-calorie options.
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This is a high level question and I disagree with the explanation.
When it is clearly mentioned in the passage that the regulations have "mandated" higher nutrition standards, how are we assuming that in the variety of options available, there still are unhealthy options?
Clearly, if something apart from this system is happening that is preventing the change from happening, that is causing the discrepancy.

Bunuel
Bunuel
12 Days of Christmas 2024 - 2025 Competition with $30,000 of Prizes

Public Health Official: New regulations mandating higher nutrition standards for school meals were introduced with the dual goals of improving children's overall health and reducing obesity rates. These regulations required that the meals offer a greater variety of foods, including options with lower calorie content, with the ultimate aim of reducing childhood obesity. However, despite implementing these changes, and robust demand for school meals, there has not been a noticeable decrease in obesity rates among school-aged children.

Which of the following would, if true, best explain the discrepancy outlined above?

(A) Before the new regulations were implemented, most school meals met the nutritional guidelines that were in place at that time.
(B) Parents and guardians often provide children with additional snacks and meals that are not regulated by the school nutrition standards.
(C) The new regulations mandate that all school cafeterias implement menus in multiple languages.
(D) Many schools have objected to the introduction of new regulations.
(E) The increase in food variety makes it harder for students to consistently choose healthier options.

GMAT Club's Official Explanation:



A) Incorrect: this answer choice does not explain why there was no decrease in obesity rates following the regulations, since the regulations improved nutritional standards.

B) Incorrect: Yes, parents may sabotage their own children by providing them with unhealthy snacks or bad food choices, and that can explain why kids may not be as healthy as they should. However, this does not explain why there has been no change in kids obesity rates. We know that there is a robust demand for meals so kids are eating them and since this behavior by parents would have been occurring both before and after the introduction of the new standards, this option does not explain why there was no change after the standards were introduced. This option is enough to explain the discrepancy.

(C) Incorrect: Irrelevant - the language of the menus would not help explain the discrepancy. If anything, this should have made the menus more relevant to some of the bilingual students.

(D) Incorrect: Schools objecting to the new regulations is not relevant to our augment or rather, it may be relevant but the answer choice as written is incomplete and is insufficient by itself to give us a strong footing for what may have gone wrong. Perhaps schools did not transition to the new regulation or maybe they have - we just do not know and so we cannot do much with this information. At the same time, the fact that many schools have objected to the introduction of the new regulations indicates that the new regulations were bringing a meaningful change, so it is surprising that no change in obesity rates were observed.

(E) Correct: This choice demonstrates a potentially unintended consequence of the new standards, which would undermine their effectiveness looking to reduce obesity. Menu complexity could prevent students from eating healthy and thus would not reduce obesity rates, as students choose higher-calorie options.
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MartyMurray
Can you please help eliminate B? Unable to comprehend why E is a better answer.
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MartyMurray
Can you please help eliminate B? Unable to comprehend why E is a better answer.
There's not a good reason to choose (E) over (B).

This Critical Reasoning question doesn't really make sense.

Sometimes, especially in cases of third-party CR practice questions, we just have to see that a question doesn't work and move on.
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Understood! Appreciate the help.
MartyMurray

There's not a good reason to choose (E) over (B).

This Critical Reasoning question doesn't really make sense.

Sometimes, especially in cases of third-party CR practice questions, we just have to see that a question doesn't work and move on.
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