OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
A glycoprotein is a protein to which have been attached a monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide, or polysaccharide.(A) to which have been attached a monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide, or polysaccharide
Incorrect.
This answer choice is grammatically incorrect. The plural verb have does not agree with the singular subject a monosaccharide, or with the other saccharides listed as alternative singular subjects for this sentence.
Although the long list of saccharides appears to add up to a plural subject, this is not the case. Note that the subjects are not connected by and. The use of or before the end of the list means that each -saccharide is an alternative for the first singular subject mentioned in the list.
What helps us identify this question as a Subject Verb Agreement question as well as identify the mistake is the following Stop Sign: verb precedes subject
Notice that in the original sentence the Subject Verb Agreement mistake appears within a separate clause beginning with the words to which. (B) with an attached monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide, or else polysaccharide
Incorrect.
While this answer choice corrects the original Subject Verb Agreement mistake by replacing the conjugated verb have been attached with the adjective attached, it is stylistically flawed: the word else is unnecessary and redundant.(C) which a monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide, or polysaccharide have been attached to
Incorrect.
This answer choice repeats the Subject Verb Agreement mistake in the original sentence.
The plural verb have does not agree with the singular subject a monosaccharide (and the alternative singular subjects in the remainder of the list: (a) disaccharide, (a) oligosaccharide, or (a) polysaccharide). The use of or before the end of the list means that each -saccharide is an alternative for the first singular subject mentioned in the list.(D) which is attached by monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides
Incorrect.
While this answer choice corrects the Subject Verb Agreement mistake in the original sentence by changing the plural verb have been attached with the singular verb is attached, it changes the meaning of the sentence by adding the preposition by to the verb attached and replacing the connector or at the end of the list with and.
To say that the protein is attached by monosaccharides, etc. implies that the saccharide molecule's job is to attach the protein to something else. The original sentence, however, is saying that the protein has a saccharide molecule attached to it.(E) to which a monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide, or polysaccharide has been attached
This answer choice corrects the Subject Verb Agreement mistake in the original sentence, by changing the plural verb have to the singular verb has.