Bunuel
A group of 10 athletes was competing in a marathon race. If the range of the distance run by the athletes was 10 kilometers, did the total distance run by the athletes exceed 200 kilometers?
(1) The distance covered by one of the athletes was more than 30 kilometers.
(2) The total distance covered by 5 athletes was 125 kilometers.
Are You Up For the Challenge: 700 Level QuestionsRange of distance = 10
Total Distance run by 10 athletes > 200 ?
Statement 1)
Distance covered by one athlete > 30
Let's take minimum integer possible value for that = 31
So, possible least run distance by an athlete = 31 - 10 = 21
Total distance = 21*9 + 31 = 220
Hence, the more the value of distance covered by one athlete the more the total distance.
SUFFICIENT.
Statement 2)
Distance covered by 5 athletes = 125
Case - I:
Let the maximum distance covered possible by athletes is x.
x + 4(x - 10) = 125
5x = 165
x = 33
Now, lowest possible distance covered = 23
Total possible distance covered by 10 athletes = 125 + 23*5 = 240 YES
OR
Case - II:
Let y be minimum possible distance covered.
So, y + 4(y + 10) = 125
5y = 85
y = 17
Now, Since lowest possible distance is 17
Total possible distance covered by 10 athletes = 125 + 17 * 5 = 210 YES
OR
Total possible distance covered by 10 athletes = 125 + 17 * 5 = 210 YES
Case III:
Average distance covered by 5 athletes = 125 / 5 = 25
Thus least possible distance run by athlete = 25 - 10 = 15
So, Total possible distance covered by 10 athletes = 125 + 15 * 5 = 200 NO
ALTERNATIVELY:
Let x be the maximum possible distance covered by athlete so that any distance more than it would result in total distance greater than 200.
So, x + 9 * (x - 10) > 200
10x - 90 > 200
x > 29
Let y be the minimum possible distance covered by athlete so that any distance more than it would result in total distance greater than 200.
So, y + 9 * (y + 10) > 200
10y + 90 > 200
y > 11
As from Statement 1, x > 30 it is SUFFICIENT.
In Statement 2, the maximum and minimum are established leading to total distance greater than 200(refer first solution).
But, the average of 5 athletes = 25
leading to minimum possible distance of 15 for rest of the 5 athletes, consequently total distance of exactly 200.
INSUFFICIENT.
IMO Answer A.