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1. We are asked to find the probability P that a person wins $150 and the probability Q that a person wins at least $50.

2. Let’s draw out the graph:

3. On a dice with values 1 to 6, the probability of getting an odd or even number is \(\frac{1}{2}\). Now we need to consider the possible pathways for a player.

4. A person wins $150 with probability P. Then we have only one possible path:

This happens with a probability of P = \(\frac{1}{2}\).

5. A person wins at least $50 with probability Q. Then we consider all paths except losing 3 times:


This happens with a probability of Q = \(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} * \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} * \frac{1}{2} * \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{8} = \frac{7}{8}\).

6. So, our answer is \(\frac{1}{2}\) and \(\frac{7}{8}\).

Attachment:
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Attachment:
DiceGame2.jpg
DiceGame2.jpg [ 30.21 KiB | Viewed 4806 times ]
Attachment:
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can u just explain bit more q2 im not able to understand the answer
sagniksaha60
1. Probability to win $150

= 1/2

Since probability to get 150 in the first attempt is 1/2 [The question stem mentions that he is allowed to throw the dice three times or until he wins, whichever is earliest]


2. Probability to win at least $50 is

= 1/2 + (1/2 * 1/2) + (1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2)
= 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8
= 7/8

He can win any of the three scenarios!
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Sure thing!

There are 3 scenarios when the person wins at least $50 - they win $150, $100, or $50. The probability that we're looking for is the sum of probabilities of each scenario.

- To win $150, we must first roll an even number - which has a probability \(\frac{1}{2}\) of happening.
- To win $100, we must roll an even number twice - which has a probability \(\frac{1}{2} * \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{4}\) of happening.
- To win $50, we must roll an even number three times - which has a probability \(\frac{1}{2} * \frac{1}{2} * \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{8}\) of happening.

The sum will be \(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{8} = \frac{7}{8}\).

I hope that helped answer your question!
HarshZsssh
can u just explain bit more q2 im not able to understand the answer
sagniksaha60
1. Probability to win $150

= 1/2

Since probability to get 150 in the first attempt is 1/2 [The question stem mentions that he is allowed to throw the dice three times or until he wins, whichever is earliest]


2. Probability to win at least $50 is

= 1/2 + (1/2 * 1/2) + (1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2)
= 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8
= 7/8

He can win any of the three scenarios!
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Bismuth83
In a dice game, a person gets a gift if he gets an even number, and he is allowed to throw the dice three times or until he wins, whichever is earliest. The prizes are as given below:


Based on the graph above, it can be said that the probability to win $150 is and the probability to win at least $50 is .

Attachment:
DiceGame.jpg

Sample space after throwing a die= S={1,2,3,4,5,6}
Hence, the Probability of getting even digit P(E)=3/6=1/2, similarly the Probability of getting odd digit P(O)=3/6=1/2

1. probability to win $150: The only way to win 150$ is getting an even digit after die is cast 1st time. therefore, ans is 1/2
2. probability to win at least $50:
Here all occurrences of winning need to be considered like winning 50, 100, and 150$.
a. 1st approach calculate prob. of all 3 approaches and add them.
p(150)= p(1st even)= 1/2, p(100)= p(1st odd)* p(2nd even) = 1/2* 1/2 = 1/4, p(50)= p(1st odd)* p(2nd odd)* p(3rd even)= 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/8
p(winning at least 50)= p(150)+ p(100)+ p(50)= 1/2+ 1/4 + 1/8= 7/8

b. Calculate probability of winning less than 50(i.e prob of lose) and subtract it from 1. (This one is time-saving)
p(lose)=p(1st odd)* p(2nd odd) * p(3rd odd)= 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2= 1/8.
hence, p(winning at least 50)=1-p(lose)=1-1/8= 7/8
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