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Hi Bunuel & chetan2u please can you help with the solution here?
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Bunuel
A quadrilateral is inscribed in a circle of radius \(200\sqrt{2}\). Three of the sides of this quadrilateral have length 200. What is the length of the fourth side?

(A) 200

(B) \(200\sqrt{2}\)

(C) \(200\sqrt{3}\)

(D) \(300\sqrt{2}\)

(E) 500

Please check the solution below:

Attachment:
IMG_20210426_013928__01.jpg
IMG_20210426_013928__01.jpg [ 1.83 MiB | Viewed 3859 times ]

A few points: I HAVE NOT assumed that BC is parallel to AD
It follows from the information.
Angle BAD = Angle CDA = x⁰
(Angle at circumference is half the angle at the center for the same arc)
Also, Angle BCD = Half of Major angle BOD
=> BCD = 1/2 * (360-2x)
=> BCD = 180-x
Thus, angles CDA and BCD add up to 180⁰
So BC || AD
I used this to show triangles OXY and OBC similar
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sujoykrdatta : That was an excellent explanation using the most basic concepts! Somehow these concepts never rang a bell in my head while solving!
Any suggestions?
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sujoykrdatta : That was an excellent explanation using the most basic concepts! Somehow these concepts never rang a bell in my head while solving!
Any suggestions?

This was a tough one. So it's okay to not have got the method in one go.

What I try doing in these cases is draw the diagram.
I drew a rough circle - assume that radius 200*rt2 and approximated a length equal to 200 and took that as the chord
How to approximately mark 200?
200rt2 ~ 200*1.4 = 280. Take half = 140. Take half of the rest again= 70
Add to get almost 200 (you get 210; that's okay)
- Shown as I in the diagram below.

That gave me the diagram and I realised that the longer side will pass above the center on the same side as the other chords.

// Just for the sake of clarity, I have shown the error you get if you draw the 4th side on the other side of the center.
- Shown as II in the diagram below
(This is not required as a part of the solution) //

Attachment:
IMG_20210426_023459__01.jpg
IMG_20210426_023459__01.jpg [ 1.25 MiB | Viewed 3735 times ]

So, sketching often leads to better idea generation

Now, once the correct diagram is done, I tried finding the angle relationships

Whenever there is a circle and the center is involved, I think of
1. Perpendicular from center bisects chord - this can also be used to solve - but is too long
2. Angle at center is twice at center
3. Radii are always equal and hence lead to isosceles triangles

Here #2 worked :)
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sujoykrdatta, while I understand the concepts of similarity, I find it slightly challenging to apply.
In an exam-like time-bound situation identifying the first pair of similar triangles(the way you identified), I fathom for me it would be difficult.
In order to enhance my intuitiveness towards such questions, what should I do?
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beeblebrox
sujoykrdatta, while I understand the concepts of similarity, I find it slightly challenging to apply.
In an exam-like time-bound situation identifying the first pair of similar triangles(the way you identified), I fathom for me it would be difficult.
In order to enhance my intuitiveness towards such questions, what should I do?


The only way to identify similar triangles is to
1. mark the angles (even if those are in terms of variables)
2. name the angles that are equal
3. decide the correct order
4. that will decide which 2 triangles are similar
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Is it a good idea to make a wild guess and skip such questions in actual GMAT in case we have absolutely no idea about how to deal it ?
Because i know i wont be able to do it within 2 mins.
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