A recent survey indicates that the average number of books read annual

Question

A recent survey indicates that the average number of books read annually per capita has declined in each of the last three years. However, it also found that most bookstores reported increased profits during the same period.

Each of the following, if true, helps to resolve the survey’s apparently paradoxical results EXCEPT:

(A) Recent cutbacks in government spending have forced public libraries to purchase fewer popular contemporary novels.
(B) Due to the installation of sophisticated new antitheft equipment, the recent increase in shoplifting that has hit most retail businesses has left bookstores largely unaffected.
(C) Over the past few years many bookstores have capitalized on the lucrative coffee industry by installing coffee bars.
(D) Bookstore owners reported a general shift away from the sale of inexpensive paperback novels and toward the sale of lucrative hardback books.
(E) Citing a lack of free time, many survey respondents indicated that they had canceled magazine subscriptions in favor of purchasing individual issues at bookstores when time permits.

philipssonicare · Answer

A recent survey indicates that the average number of books read annually  per capita  has declined in each of the last three years. However, it also found that most bookstores reported  increased profits  during the same period.
I'm thinking either the total population has increased or the bookstores have put in some work

(A) Recent cutbacks in government spending have forced public libraries to purchase fewer popular contemporary novels. 
Libraries have fewer new books. People want those books. People buy those books. Logical. Hopefully the others are worse cause this looks solid.

(B) Due to the installation of sophisticated new antitheft equipment, the recent increase in shoplifting that has hit most retail businesses has left bookstores largely unaffected. 
 the recent increase  means that this has likely occurred within the past 3 years. Installing antitheft equipment may prevent the kind of shoplifting that happened in bookstores before, but it's not a strong and explicit connection.  Keep B for now .

(C) Over the past few years many bookstores have capitalized on the lucrative coffee industry by installing coffee bars. 
The initial information doesn't state that bookstores have made more money from books, but have simply made greater profits. They could sell heroin for all we care. Fortunately, they have only sold coffee. Logical.  B

(D) Bookstore owners reported a general shift away from the sale of inexpensive paperback novels and toward the sale of lucrative hardback books. 
Fewer total books, but a greater profit from each of them. Good business strategy. Logical.  B

(E) Citing a lack of free time, many survey respondents indicated that they had canceled magazine subscriptions in favor of purchasing individual issues at bookstores when time permits. 
Magazines aren't books. Book sales at bookstores  may  have declined, but could be outweighed by magazine sales. Logical.  B

PinakiRDas · Answer

Not sure why it's not A - libraries still do purchase from book stores.

prateekchugh · Answer

KAPLAN OFFICIAL EXPLANATION

(B)  Paradox (All EXCEPT)

Don’t predict the right answer to a Paradox EXCEPT question; instead, summarize the paradox in your own words before going to the answer choices. The discrepancy in this stimulus is signaled by the word “however,” so let’s get the gist of it: the average number of books read per capita has decreased, but bookstores have reported an increase in profits. Since this is a Paradox EXCEPT question, four of the answers will explain this discrepancy, and will therefore need to be eliminated. We don’t want to waste too much time trying to make predictions in this instance, so we should instead keep our discrepancy in mind as we head to the answer choices.

(A)  If libraries haven’t been able to purchase as many popular contemporary novels, readers may have been forced to purchase them on their own at bookstores. So even though they may be reading fewer books on average, they’ll be purchasing those books themselves instead of checking them out from libraries. Eliminate.

(B)  would explain why bookstores may have seen higher profits relative to other retail businesses, but that isn’t the paradox that needs resolution. Since  (B)  doesn’t explain how bookstores are making more money even though people seem to be reading less, this must be the odd man out—and therefore the answer we need to select.

(C)  indicates that bookstores aren’t making more money by selling books, but by selling lots of coffee. This certainly resolves the discrepancy. Eliminate.

(D)  Bookstores can sell fewer books and still earn more profits if they start selling books that are much more expensive than those sold previously. This explains how fewer books read per person can still lead to more money for bookstores. Eliminate.

(E)  offers up yet another alternative source of income for bookstores—magazine sales. If bookstores are selling more magazines than they were previously, these stores can see increased profits even if people aren’t reading as many books. Eliminate.

egmat · Answer

Yes, agreed. Still, One purchase to a library, especially that of a new novel, will cater to n number of readers. But if that many number of users purchase it due to the lack of availability of the same in the library, the bookstore profit increases.

Onkar1998 · Answer

Please explain option in E and the reason behind its invalidity

MartyTargetTestPrep · Answer

This question is an EXCEPT question. So, the correct answer must be one that does  not  explain why bookstores' profits increased.

With that idea in mind, let's consider choice (E).

(E) Citing a lack of free time, many survey respondents indicated that they had canceled magazine subscriptions in favor of purchasing individual issues at bookstores when time permits.

Notice that the fact that people are purchasing individual magazines from bookstores rather than subscribing to magazines does explain why bookstore's profits increased. After all, when people subscribe to magazines, the get the magazines directly from the publishers, not from bookstores. So, by purchasing magazines individually rather than subscribing, people increase the revenue, and thus the profits, of bookstores.

Since this choice  does  explain why bookstore's profits increased, it cannot be the correct answer to this EXCEPT question.

Vatsal7794 · Answer

Hi Experts

GMATNinja   KarishmaB   MartyTargetTestPrep

Can anyone please explain me option B? According to me it should not be the answer

Reason is - The other factor for the increase in the profits of book store is decrease in shoplifting due to the machine
So it explains the paradox. How can it be the answer?

KarishmaB · Answer

(B) Due to the installation of sophisticated new antitheft equipment, the recent increase in shoplifting that has hit most retail businesses has left bookstores largely unaffected.

RECENTLY, shoplifting has increased and has affected other stores. But since the bookstores installed "sophisticated new antitheft equipment," they have been left unaffected i.e. they did not get affected like the other stores.

The shoplifting phenomenon is a recent one and has not affected bookstores. That doesn't tell us why their profits have increased. In fact, if anything, the impact of this might be a decrease in profit in the short term at least since the sophisticated equipment would have been expensive and hence would have led to increase in cost. Over time, of course, it will more than pay for itself by not allowing theft. 
The point is that it certainly doesn't explain the "increase in profit."

unraveled · Answer

A recent survey indicates that the average number of books read annually per capita has declined in each of the last three years. However, it also found that most bookstores reported increased profits during the same period.

Each of the following, if true, helps to resolve the survey’s apparently paradoxical results EXCEPT:

(A) Recent cutbacks in government spending have forced public libraries to  purchase fewer popular contemporary novels . - WRONG. First aspect touched which, though doesn't resolve the paradox, tells us about why books read increased on per capita basis.
(B) Due to the installation of sophisticated new antitheft equipment, the recent increase in shoplifting that has hit most retail businesses has left bookstores largely unaffected. - CORRECT. Neither aspect touched thus nothing resolved. 
(C) Over the past few years many bookstores have  capitalized on the lucrative coffee industry by installing coffee bars . - WRONG. Helps resolve 2nd aspect.
(D) Bookstore owners reported a  general shift away  from the  sale of inexpensive paperback  novels and  toward the sale of lucrative hardback  books. - WRONG. 2nd aspect touched.
(E) Citing a lack of free time, many survey respondents indicated that they had canceled magazine subscriptions in favor of purchasing individual issues at bookstores when time permits. - WRONG. A bit confusing as in how it resolves either of the aspects. But new customers purchased books so 2nd aspect is resolved.

Two aspects around which this passage revolves are:
1. Increased per capita books read
2. Increased profits of bookstores.
How come this is possible? The choice that doesn't touches either of the two aspects is most likely the correct answer.

Answer B.

GMATNinja · Answer

(B) doesn't say that there's been a DECREASE in shoplifting. In fact, (B) very specifically states that the recent increase in shoplifting has left bookstores largely UNAFFECTED... and why unaffected? Because the bookstores had installed sophisticated new antitheft equipment.

Ignoring installation costs, (B) might explain why the bookstores didn't see a  decrease  in profits. But preventing a decrease is not the same as causing an increase.

And remember, we need to explain why profits have increased EVEN THOUGH the average number of books read annually per capita has declined. You might eliminate shoplifting at your bookstore with fancy equipment, but if nobody wants to read, you still won't make money.

Without more information or further assumptions, (B) isn't enough to explain the discrepancy. So it's our answer.

I hope that helps a bit!

MrMBB · Answer

Confused between option A & B. In a fewer books does not explain how profit increased for book stores and reading per capita decrease. Where as B explains the paradox that if theft decreased the profit may increase even if sales has reduced or not increased.

MartyMurray · Answer

In Critical Reasoning, we have to be super careful about details of what the passage and answer choices say.

In this case, (A) doesn't say just, "fewer books." Rather, it indicates that libraries specifically have purchased fewer books.

So, since libraries lend books and thus multiple people read one library book, the fact that libraries have purchased fewer books would explain how it could be that, even though the average number of books read annually per capita has declined, most bookstores reported increased profits. After all, if people are not able to borrow "contemporary novels" from libraries, if they want to read them, they have to purchase them from bookstores.

Then, in the case of (B), notice that the choice doesn't say, "theft decreased." Rather it says the recent increase in shoplifting has left bookstores "largely unaffected." That information means that theft from bookstores has not increased, in other words, has not changed.

The fact that theft has not changed would not explain the increased profits.

So, (B) is the correct answer.

VerbalBot · Answer

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A recent survey indicates that the average number of books read annual

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