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A study concludes that the Indus civilization, which existed 6,000 years ago, experienced violence and disease of such severity they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain intact as a civilization.

A. they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain
such may be followed by that or as. INCORRECT.

B. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, as a result, to remain
such severity that is correct usage. to stay in their cities and to remain intact as a civilization is correct parallelism. CORRECT

C. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result of this, they were unable to remain
Use of they is ambiguous. It is unclear whether the second they refers to experienced violence and disease or the population. INCORRECT

D. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities, and resulted in being unable to remain
and resulted in being unable to remain is unnecessary wordy and incorrect. INCORRECT

E. as to erode the ability of the population for staying in their cities, resulting in being unable to remain
ability to is correct idiom. resulting in being unable to remain is also incorrect. INCORRECT.

IMO B
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IMO B is the correct answer.

A study concludes that the Indus civilization, which existed 6,000 years ago, experienced violence and disease of such severity they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain intact as a civilization.

A. they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain----THAT is required

B. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, as a result, to remain----CORRECT(maintains parallelism)

C. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result of this, they were unable to remain

D. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities, and resulted in being unable to remain

E. as to erode the ability of the population for staying in their cities, resulting in being unable to remain
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Imo E.....such as

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A and B are incorrect because the use of “remain intact as a civilization” distorts the meaning of the sentence. This is because the violence and disease that was so severe that it eroded the ability of the Indus civilization to stay in their cities is expected to lead divisions among them. It makes no sense if they remain intact despite such experiences.

D is wrong because “and resulted....” shows that a verb has to be parallel to “resulted”. The most logical verb that can be made parallel is “eroded” and this does not make sense. This is because it suggests that the violence and diseases were unable to remain intact as a civilization.

C is the answer in my opinion. It’s structure is such that the clause “they were unable to remain intact as a civilization” (the pronoun they refers to the civilization) is rightly parallel to “they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities” (the pronoun they here refers to violence and disease).

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A study concludes that the Indus civilization, which existed 6,000 years ago, experienced violence and disease of such severity they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain intact as a civilization.

A study concludes that civilization experienced a and b of such that they eroded the ability of the population to stay...and to remain intact ...

We need that so Eliminate A and E

resulted in/the result is, the result is -> correct form is - as a result

note at the end - non-underlined portion "intact as civilisation" we need to connect this appropriately with the clause/phrase coming before... Who remained intact as civilization... Population...

only B has above two things correct. Eliminate C & D

B. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, as a result, to remain
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Bunuel

Competition Mode Question



A study concludes that the Indus civilization, which existed 6,000 years ago, experienced violence and disease of such severity they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain intact as a civilization.

A. they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain

B. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, as a result, to remain

C. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result of this, they were unable to remain

D. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities, and resulted in being unable to remain

E. as to erode the ability of the population for staying in their cities, resulting in being unable to remain

Official Explanation



Creating a filter: in the sentence as written, the first thing we notice is that the word "that" is missing: "such severity that they." Our ear tells us this and "such... that" is a prior idiom.

Applying the filter: choices (B) through (D) fix the problem in the way we expect. (C) has an unnecessary pronoun with no reference in "this," and (D) has an unnecessary gerund "being." Both (C) and (D) also have basic errors in connecting clauses with conjunctions: (C) throws one into the middle of the sentence as if it were an appositive, which it isn't, and (D) inserts a comma without adding or re-mentioning the subject. Choice (E) is missing the word "that" and includes the gerund "being" without cause.

The correct answer is (B).
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Bunuel a small oversight in the official explanation is that we can not eliminate E for not using that. So as to is avalud construction in GMAT and E is incorrect for other reasons

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Bunuel
Bunuel

Competition Mode Question



A study concludes that the Indus civilization, which existed 6,000 years ago, experienced violence and disease of such severity they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain intact as a civilization.

A. they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result is, to remain

B. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, as a result, to remain

C. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities and, the result of this, they were unable to remain

D. that they eroded the ability of the population to stay in their cities, and resulted in being unable to remain

E. as to erode the ability of the population for staying in their cities, resulting in being unable to remain

Official Explanation



Creating a filter: in the sentence as written, the first thing we notice is that the word "that" is missing: "such severity that they." Our ear tells us this and "such... that" is a prior idiom.

Applying the filter: choices (B) through (D) fix the problem in the way we expect. (C) has an unnecessary pronoun with no reference in "this," and (D) has an unnecessary gerund "being." Both (C) and (D) also have basic errors in connecting clauses with conjunctions: (C) throws one into the middle of the sentence as if it were an appositive, which it isn't, and (D) inserts a comma without adding or re-mentioning the subject. Choice (E) is missing the word "that" and includes the gerund "being" without cause.

The correct answer is (B).
Indus civilizaion as a whole is singular or plural in this context ?

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