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13 Feb 2020, 03:27
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B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
65%
(hard)
Question Stats:
61% (02:08) correct
39%
(02:21)
wrong
based on 755
sessions
History
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A study of adults who suffer from migraine headaches revealed that a significant proportion of the study participants suffer from a complex syndrome characterized by a set of three symptoms. Those who suffer from the syndrome experienced excessive anxiety during early childhood. As adolescents, these people began experiencing migraine headaches. As these people approached the age of 20, they also began to experience recurring bouts of depression. Since this pattern is invariant, always with excessive anxiety at its beginning, it follows that excessive anxiety in childhood is one of the causes of migraine headaches and depression in later life.
The reasoning m the argument is vulnerable to criticism on which one of the following grounds?
(A) It does not specify the proportion of those in the general population who suffer from the syndrome.
(B) It fails to rule out the possibility that all of the characteristic symptoms of the syndrome have a common cause.
(C) It makes a generalization that is inconsistent with the evidence.
(D) It fails to demonstrate that the people who participated in the study are representative of migraine sufferers.
(E) It does not establish why the study of migraine sufferers was restricted to adult participants.
The reasoning m the argument is vulnerable to criticism on which one of the following grounds?
(A) It does not specify the proportion of those in the general population who suffer from the syndrome.
(B) It fails to rule out the possibility that all of the characteristic symptoms of the syndrome have a common cause.
(C) It makes a generalization that is inconsistent with the evidence.
(D) It fails to demonstrate that the people who participated in the study are representative of migraine sufferers.
(E) It does not establish why the study of migraine sufferers was restricted to adult participants.
auradediligodo
Posts: 364
15 Feb 2020, 13:50
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A study of adults who suffer from migraine headaches revealed that a significant proportion of the study participants suffer from a complex syndrome characterized by a set of three symptoms. Those who suffer from the syndrome experienced excessive anxiety during early childhood. As adolescents, these people began experiencing migraine headaches. As these people approached the age of 20, they also began to experience recurring bouts of depression. Since this pattern is invariant, always with excessive anxiety at its beginning, it follows that excessive anxiety in childhood is one of the causes of migraine headaches and depression in later life.
The reasoning m the argument is vulnerable to criticism on which one of the following grounds?
[textarea]
Weaken question
Pre-thinking
In order to understand why option B is the correct option we need to deconstruct the conclusion.
Since this pattern is invariant, always with excessive anxiety at its beginning, it follows that excessive anxiety in childhood is one of the causes of migraine headaches and depression in later life.
Part 1: evidence--->Since this pattern is invariant, always with excessive anxiety at its beginning,
The conclusion is drawn based on this fact. The sequence is always the same so the cause for the last 2 is the first element. But what if There is another element before?
Part 2: conclusion----->it follows that excessive anxiety in childhood is one of the causes of migraine headaches and depression in later life.
POE:
(A) It does not specify the proportion of those in the general population who suffer from the syndrome.
Irrelevant
(B) It fails to rule out the possibility that all of the characteristic symptoms of the syndrome have a common cause.
In line with pre-thinking
(C) It makes a generalization that is inconsistent with the evidence.
Irrelevant
(D) It fails to demonstrate that the people who participated in the study are representative of migraine sufferers.
I feel like this is also a weakener but probably option B is stronger because it is more related to the conclusion
(E) It does not establish why the study of migraine sufferers was restricted to adult participants.
[b]Irrelevant[/b]
The reasoning m the argument is vulnerable to criticism on which one of the following grounds?
[textarea]
Weaken question
Pre-thinking
In order to understand why option B is the correct option we need to deconstruct the conclusion.
Since this pattern is invariant, always with excessive anxiety at its beginning, it follows that excessive anxiety in childhood is one of the causes of migraine headaches and depression in later life.
Part 1: evidence--->Since this pattern is invariant, always with excessive anxiety at its beginning,
The conclusion is drawn based on this fact. The sequence is always the same so the cause for the last 2 is the first element. But what if There is another element before?
Part 2: conclusion----->it follows that excessive anxiety in childhood is one of the causes of migraine headaches and depression in later life.
POE:
(A) It does not specify the proportion of those in the general population who suffer from the syndrome.
Irrelevant
(B) It fails to rule out the possibility that all of the characteristic symptoms of the syndrome have a common cause.
In line with pre-thinking
(C) It makes a generalization that is inconsistent with the evidence.
Irrelevant
(D) It fails to demonstrate that the people who participated in the study are representative of migraine sufferers.
I feel like this is also a weakener but probably option B is stronger because it is more related to the conclusion
(E) It does not establish why the study of migraine sufferers was restricted to adult participants.
[b]Irrelevant[/b]
General Discussion
16 Feb 2020, 23:03
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Selected B because the conclusion presumes that migranes are solely due to anxiety, rather than anxiety and migranes being a symptom of something else.
It essentially claims that because I have symptom A, then i must have symptom B, without establishing that the two are not related to a previous condition.
It essentially claims that because I have symptom A, then i must have symptom B, without establishing that the two are not related to a previous condition.
