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commdiver
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Thank you for the help. The last one about zebras still does not make sense to me. How is the first missing a verb? I thought "are" is a verb.
In the sentence.....

When compared to horses, zebras are vicious.

.... the green part, the independent clause ---- that's fine. It has a bonafide subject ("zebras") and a bonafide verb ("are"). Perfect. The problem is with the red part ----- here the subordinate conjunction "when" is not followed by a bonafide noun + verb clause, but rather by "compared to horses", a participial phrase. That is a construction common in colloquial English and wrong 100% of the time on the GMAT Sentence Correction. Similarly, the construction [subordinate conjunction] + [adjective], by itself, is not complete, and therefore always wrong. Here are further examples of what the GMAT would consistently consider incorrect:
Although sad, I went to the part.
While talking to my friend on my cellphone, I ran a red light.
Because intelligent beyond her years, the student was advanced to the next grade level.
When frightened, my cat hides under the bed.

Those red constructions would be wrong 100% of the time on the GMAT Sentence Correction.

Does all this make sense?

Mike :-)
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So, the red part needs to be a main clause in order for the idiom to be correct?
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So, the red part needs to be a main clause in order for the idiom to be correct?

This is actually not a point of idiom, but rather of basic grammar. The "red part" (a.k.a the subordinate clause) must be a full clause --- that is to say, must have a full (noun + verb) structure. I would not use the term "main clause", because then it could be confused with the independent clause.

Does all this make sense?

Mike :-)
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commdiver
Thank you for the help. The last one about zebras still does not make sense to me. How is the first missing a verb? I thought "are" is a verb.
In the sentence.....

When compared to horses, zebras are vicious.

.... the green part, the independent clause ---- that's fine. It has a bonafide subject ("zebras") and a bonafide verb ("are"). Perfect. The problem is with the red part ----- here the subordinate conjunction "when" is not followed by a bonafide noun + verb clause, but rather by "compared to horses", a participial phrase. That is a construction common in colloquial English and wrong 100% of the time on the GMAT Sentence Correction. Similarly, the construction [subordinate conjunction] + [adjective], by itself, is not complete, and therefore always wrong. Here are further examples of what the GMAT would consistently consider incorrect:
Although sad, I went to the part.
While talking to my friend on my cellphone, I ran a red light.
Because intelligent beyond her years, the student was advanced to the next grade level.
When frightened, my cat hides under the bed.


Those red constructions would be wrong 100% of the time on the GMAT Sentence Correction.

Does all this make sense?

Mike :-)

mikemcgarry

Mike. thanks for the explanation above. I have one doubt though, while using the correct form i.e 'in comparison with/to horses, zebras are viscous.' Don't we require a complete subject+verb in the first part of the sentence here as well? Why this sentence can go without a subject+verb in first part of the sentence whereas 'when compared with/to' does? Is there any specific list of such words that require complete clause? If yes, can you please share the ones which we mostly see on GMAT. Thanks.
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SCT


mikemcgarry

Mike. thanks for the explanation above. I have one doubt though, while using the correct form i.e 'in comparison with/to horses, zebras are viscous.' Don't we require a complete subject+verb in the first part of the sentence here as well? Why this sentence can go without a subject+verb in first part of the sentence whereas 'when compared with/to' does? Is there any specific list of such words that require complete clause? If yes, can you please share the ones which we mostly see on GMAT. Thanks.

Hi SCT!

I can jump in for Mike here :-)

We only need a clause (complete subject+verb) when we are using a subordinate conjunction, like "when". "In comparison with" is not a conjunction, so it does not need to be followed by a complete clause. You can find a list of subordinate conjunctions here :-)

Hope that helps! :-)
-Carolyn

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