As part of their induction, fresh medical graduates preparing to join

Question

As part of their induction, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders in most modern hospitals , so that they can advise patients to seek appropriate psychiatric care.

(A) As part of their induction, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders in most modern hospitals

(B) As part of their induction, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff in most modern hospitals are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders

(C) Fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff of most modern hospitals are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders as part of their induction

(D) In most modern hospitals, as part of their induction, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders

(E) Fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders in most modern hospitals as part of their induction

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PriyamRathor · Answer

Lets Start with meaning Analysis 
-As part of their induction ,
-Fresh medical graduates who are preparing to join the staff are trained..........
- In most medical modern hospitals 
ie As part of the induction Fresh medical graduates are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders in most modern hospitals so that they can advice patients
 Error Analysis 
1.Their refers to Fresh medical graduates. 
Their agrees in number with Fresh medical graduates ie both are plural 
2. Fresh medical Graduates - Subject 
 are trained - Verb
SV pair is correct and they agree in Number.
3.preparing is verb-ing modifier modifying FMG. Also , preparing is acting as a noun modifier and therefore should not be separated by comma.

Hence there is no such error in Choice A.

Answer Choice Analysis

Choice A.
 Correct

Choice B
 Incorrect

Here there is meaning change. 
FMG preparing to join staff in most modern hospitals are trained.
whereas the intended meaning is
FMG preparing to join staff are trained in most modern hospitals.

Here original sentence doesnot imply that FMG are preparing to join as staff in most modern hospitals.
The meaning is FMG are trained by most modern hospitals as part of the induction

Choice C
 Incorrect 
Same meaning error as Choice B
FMG preparing to join staff of most modern hospitals.

Choice D 
 Incorrect 
Here their refers to Most modern hospitals.
This changes the meaning. Now the induction is of most modern hospitals whereas actually the induction is of FMG

Choice E
 Incorrect 
as part of their induction. Their refers to most modern hospitals. This changes the meaning.

Thanks.
PS : Took me 2.28 min

PriyamRathor · Answer

PyjamaScientist 
 zhanbo

Can you guys please provide the explanation for the correct answer.
My reasoning is above.

PyjamaScientist · Answer

Hi Priyam,
Thanks for the tag.
I almost gagged at almost all the answer choices. I've recently found my skillset limited while tackling Expert global's recent SC questions. So, I'm gonna skip this one. But, I hope you get a response from Zhanbo or some other expert.
As a parting advice, try to limit your practice to OG questions as much as you can. If you want additional practice, try your hand at the questions curated by Gmatclub's own  sayantanc2k  or "famous" non-official questions (as per the expert replies and the kudos received).
Even I try my hand at non-OG questions now and then, but I take them with a pinch of salt and so should you.

Posted from my mobile device

zhanbo · Answer

Hi,  PriyamRathor ,

There is no "intended meaning", only "meaningful / reasonable meaning". We have no idea what the author meant to say, but the correct answer should make sense. Option (A) is not an arbiter of the "intended meaning".

I eliminate (A) because "in most modern hospitals" should modify "the staff" rather than "signs of psychological disorders". Written this way, the sentence suggests that fresh medical graduates are trained to identify signs of psychological disorders that manifest themselves in most modern hospitals. 
(E) contains the similar error.

The OA is (D). As you did, however, I eliminated (D) because "as part of their induction" can modify either "most modern hospitals" or "fresh medical graduates". Such ambiguity should better be avoided in GMAT SC.

(C) puts "as part of their induction" after "psychological disorders". It may be misinterpreted to modify "disorders". The distance between "fresh medical graduates" and "as part of their induction" is just too much.

So I ended up choosing (B).

BTW, the comma before "so that" is superfluous.

ExpertsGlobal5 · Answer

Hello everyone,

We hope this finds you well.

To clear up some doubts that may have arisen, regarding this question, we would like to remind you of the exception to pronoun ambiguity. Remember, even if there are multiple nouns that a pronoun can grammatically refer to, pronoun ambiguity only applies if the pronoun can logically refer to them as well. In other words, pronoun ambiguity does not apply if there is only one noun that the pronoun can logically refer to, and in this sentence, "medical graduates" is the only logical referent for the pronoun "their".

This matter will become clearer, once the OA and OE are provided.

To understand the concept of "Avoiding Pronoun Ambiguity" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~1 minute):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGc9RgNXBZE

To understand the concept of "Exception to Pronoun Ambiguity", you may want to watch the following video (~2 minutes):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7ywTLSGRC8

All the best!
Experts' Global Team
We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team

Bunuel · Answer

Expert's Global Official Explanation:

Grammatical Construction + Modifiers + Meaning + Redundancy/Awkwardness

Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of this sentence is that in most modern hospitals, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders.

A. Trap. This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “signs of psychological disorders in most modern hospitals”; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the signs of psychological disorder are present in most modern hospitals; the intended meaning of the sentence is that in most modern hospitals, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders.

B. This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “the staff in most modern hospitals”; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the medical graduates are preparing to join a singular staff that is shared by most modern hospitals; the intended meaning is that the medical graduates are preparing to join the respective staff in most modern hospitals.

C. This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “the staff of most modern hospitals”; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the medical graduates are preparing to join a singular staff that is shared by most modern hospitals; the intended meaning is that the medical graduates are preparing to join the respective staff in most modern hospitals

D. Correct.  This answer choice correctly uses “In most modern hospitals” to modify “fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff…”, conveying the intended meaning of the sentence- that in most modern hospitals, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders.

E. Trap. This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “signs of psychological disorders in most modern hospitals”; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the signs of psychological disorder are present in most modern hospitals; the intended meaning of the sentence is that in most modern hospitals, fresh medical graduates preparing to join the staff are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders.

D is the best answer choice.

Bunuel · Answer

Expert's Global Video Explanation:

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Kushchokhani · Answer

ExpertsGlobal5

As per the video, choices C and E are rejected stating that the pronoun "their" is referring to incorrect noun. However, in  your earlier post , it is mentioned that this is an exception to pronoun ambiguity rule whereby the pronoun "their" has only one logical referent in this question.

Also, the reason behind eliminating B is different in video vis-à-vis written OE. IMO video's reason is ambiguous because "preparing to join the staff in most modern hospitals" is a modifier modifying "fresh medical graduates", so "are trained in identifying signs of psychological disorders" would logically refer to "fresh medical graduates" only.

VerbalBot · Answer

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As part of their induction, fresh medical graduates preparing to join

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As part of their induction, fresh medical graduates preparing to join

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