Bunuel
At a food processing and packaging plant, identical packets of confectionary items are prepared at a constant rate by a packaging machine. Each packet contains 3 chocolates, 4 candied nuts and 2 chewing gums. The production rate of chocolates, candied nuts and chewing gums at the plant is 750, 975 and 575 units per hour respectively. All the produced items are immediately sent to a common quality checking machine that can process 3000 units of confectionary items per hour. 20 percent each of chocolates, candied nuts and chewing gums fail the quality check. The remaining items are sent to the packaging plant without any holdup or delay. Which of the following can represent the number of packets of confectionary items prepared by the packaging machine in one hour?
I. 195
II. 230
III. 280
A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and II only
E. I, II and III
Solution:Let’s analyze each Roman numeral:
I. 195 packets prepared
If 195 packets were prepared, then 195 x 3 = 585 chocolates, 195 x 4 = 780 candied nuts and 195 x 2 = 390 chewing gums were sent to the packaging machine. This means that 585/0.8 ≈ 731 chocolates, 780/0.8 = 975 candied nuts and 390/0,8 ≈ 488 chewing gums were sent to the quality checking machine. Notice that since 731 + 975 + 488 = 2194 is less than 3000, the quality checking machine is able to process all the confectionary items within the hour. Further, notice that the number of chocolates, number of candied nuts and the number of chewing gums produced in one hour (which are 731, 975 and 488, respectively) are all within the limits of the production rate for each item (which are 750, 975 and 575, respectively). Thus, it is possible that 195 packets were produced.
II. 230 packets prepared
Preparing 230 packets would require 230 x 3 = 690 chocolates passing the quality check; which in turn would require producing 690/0.8 ≈ 862 chocolates per hour. Since the plant can only produce 750 chocolates per hour, preparing 230 packets is not possible.
III. 280 packets prepared
We already know that the plant does not produce chocolates fast enough to prepare 230 packets and preparing 280 packets would require even more chocolates. Thus, without further calculations, we can conclude that the plant cannot produce 280 packets either.
Answer: A