Last visit was: 19 Nov 2025, 13:45 It is currently 19 Nov 2025, 13:45
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
apolo
Joined: 25 Jan 2015
Last visit: 14 Nov 2016
Posts: 75
Own Kudos:
162
 [1]
Given Kudos: 260
Location: United States
GMAT 1: 730 Q49 V41
GMAT 1: 730 Q49 V41
Posts: 75
Kudos: 162
 [1]
Kudos
Add Kudos
1
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
KyleWiddison
User avatar
Manhattan Prep Instructor
Joined: 30 Apr 2012
Last visit: 06 Jul 2016
Posts: 781
Own Kudos:
2,684
 [1]
Given Kudos: 5
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 781
Kudos: 2,684
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
apolo
Joined: 25 Jan 2015
Last visit: 14 Nov 2016
Posts: 75
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 260
Location: United States
GMAT 1: 730 Q49 V41
GMAT 1: 730 Q49 V41
Posts: 75
Kudos: 162
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
sukanyar
Joined: 20 Apr 2013
Last visit: 20 Dec 2017
Posts: 113
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 19
Posts: 113
Kudos: 126
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
KyleWiddison

He HAD either swum or played tennis.

-or-

He either HAD swum or HAD played tennis.

Both are perfectly fine from a GMAT standpoint.
Hi Kyle, as stand alone sentences, these would be incorrect, isn't it? My understanding is that past perfect is used when there are two events (one after the other). So, it should be something as: By the time the school started, he either had swum or had played tennis.

Is my understanding correct?
User avatar
KyleWiddison
User avatar
Manhattan Prep Instructor
Joined: 30 Apr 2012
Last visit: 06 Jul 2016
Posts: 781
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 5
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 781
Kudos: 2,684
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
I think your grammar book it correct, but I have never come across an example of parallelism with that kind of construction. Have been / having been by itself usually causes problems, so to have them correctly used in a parallel structure would be pretty confusing.

I would love to see an example of have been / having been used correctly in GMAT SC if others have come across it...

KW
User avatar
KyleWiddison
User avatar
Manhattan Prep Instructor
Joined: 30 Apr 2012
Last visit: 06 Jul 2016
Posts: 781
Own Kudos:
2,684
 [1]
Given Kudos: 5
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 781
Kudos: 2,684
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
sukanyar
KyleWiddison

He HAD either swum or played tennis.

-or-

He either HAD swum or HAD played tennis.

Both are perfectly fine from a GMAT standpoint.
Hi Kyle, as stand alone sentences, these would be incorrect, isn't it? My understanding is that past perfect is used when there are two events (one after the other). So, it should be something as: By the time the school started, he either had swum or had played tennis.

Is my understanding correct?

Yeah, this shortened example needs another clause to be grammatically correct. Check this one out...

He either had swum or had played tennis before the airplane fell from the sky and destroyed the country club.

[overly dramatic example :) ]

KW
User avatar
ChiGMAT
Joined: 06 Mar 2013
Last visit: 06 Jun 2025
Posts: 37
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 6
Posts: 37
Kudos: 176
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
KyleWiddison
sukanyar
KyleWiddison

He HAD either swum or played tennis.

-or-

He either HAD swum or HAD played tennis.

Both are perfectly fine from a GMAT standpoint.
Hi Kyle, as stand alone sentences, these would be incorrect, isn't it? My understanding is that past perfect is used when there are two events (one after the other). So, it should be something as: By the time the school started, he either had swum or had played tennis.

Is my understanding correct?

Yeah, this shortened example needs another clause to be grammatically correct. Check this one out...

He either had swum or had played tennis before the airplane fell from the sky and destroyed the country club.

[overly dramatic example :) ]

KW

Hi Kyle,

In the original sentence stated by Apolo, the sentence uses present perfect and not past perfect. In that case, we do not need two actions, correct?

From what I understand, the sentence can be either of the following:

He has either been swimming or been playing tennis (awkward) OR
He has been either swimming or playing tennis

Please correct me if I am wrong :)
User avatar
KyleWiddison
User avatar
Manhattan Prep Instructor
Joined: 30 Apr 2012
Last visit: 06 Jul 2016
Posts: 781
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 5
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 781
Kudos: 2,684
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Correct - we don't need a second action because the present perfect is used to show some action that started in the past that is still ongoing or for which the effects are still ongoing. The past perfect is used to show a time distinction between to past actions (or a past action and a time marker).

The original question posed is what happens with the addition of the helping verb "been" to the present perfect in a parallel structure. apolo has seen some guidance from a grammar book that would seem to violate GMAT parallelism, but I haven't seen that construction used on the GMAT. My last post was to ask if anyone had examples they could share from the GMAT.

KW

Archived Topic
Hi there,
This topic has been closed and archived due to inactivity or violation of community quality standards. No more replies are possible here.
Where to now? Join ongoing discussions on thousands of quality questions in our Verbal Questions Forum
Still interested in this question? Check out the "Best Topics" block above for a better discussion on this exact question, as well as several more related questions.
Thank you for understanding, and happy exploring!
Moderators:
189 posts
Current Student
710 posts
Current Student
275 posts